The different-shape Cu2O nanostructured in solar water splitting system serves as the photon absorber structure for modulating photoelectric conversion to challenge the issue of the high resistance and low electronic mobility with the different light trapping effect due to the orientation and geometry of Cu2O. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation results demonstrate that the Cu2O nanostructured of truncated octahedral exhibits photonic Fano resonance compared with the other shapes. The generation rate of electrons and holes can rise with truncated octahedral Cu2O nanostructures on the ZnO nanowires. By combining solar water splitting with photonic Fano resonance, we can use a lower voltage 0.7 V (the standard potential of the water electrolysis is −1.23 V) to splitting water, and then separate H2 and O2 into different electrodes. The hydrogen generation rate of truncated octahedral Cu2O can reach 3 × 10–4 ml/s·cm2, which is about 10 times higher than that of Cu2O in other shapes by modulating photonic Fano resonance, which has the potential application in the field of integrated quantum system in the future.

In this study, we investigated the production of hydrogen by photochemical water splitting.Multi-shaped Cu 2 O nanoparticles / MnO-MnO 2 nanorod heterojunction on few-layer graphene-based electrode serves as the photocathode. Multi-shaped Cu 2 O nanoparticles, including truncated cubic shape, cuboctahedral shape, truncated octahedral shape, and octahedral shape, were then coated on square manganese nanorods on few-layer graphene-based electrode as the photosensitizer. Finally, the efficiency of hydrogen production was measured and recorded. Cu 2 O nanoparticles / MnO-MnO 2 nanorod heterojunction generates photoelectrons to reduce hydrogen ions into hydrogen gas. The manganese dioxide nanorods was combined with cuprous oxide multi-shaped nanoparticles to be simultaneously utilized in hydrogen production as a photochemical water splitting solar cell. The highest rate of hydrogen generation is 33.0 ml/min*m 2 under solar simulation radiation. This study highlights the significance of a back electron-hole recombination loss and transportation process on the surface of water splitting photocathode, retarding the appearance of the photocurrent and requiring a greater amount of energy from a solar device.

Silver nanoparticles fabricated onto the surface of the ZnO nanorods form the photoanode and generate photoelectric current due to surface plasmon resonance, which serves as anode electrodes in photoelectrochemical hydrogen production. In order to increase the absorption spectrum of photoanode, organic pigments were utilized as photo-sensitizers to generate down-conversion photoluminescence to excite surface plasmon resonances of silver nanoparticles. The way of using light to carry the energy in electronic scattering regime runs the system for the enhancement of solar water splitting efficiency. It was significantly tuned in environmentally sustainable applications for power generation and development of alternative energy.

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