Introduction Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is a common filler used widely in clinical practice to increase penile girth for cosmetic reasons, but there are few studies on its complications. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the complications of penile girth enhancement (PGE) with ADM. Methods The medical records of 78 patients who underwent PGE with ADM between June 2016 and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Main Outcome Measure Related complications and their subsequent management were summarized and analyzed. Results 78 patients (mean age 31.14 years [21−66 years]) received PGE with ADM. At the 3-month follow-up, the penile circumference was increased by 1.1 (0.5−2.1) cm on average. There were 47 patients with erectile discomfort, 12 with delayed healing, 10 with unobvious augmentation effect, 8 with wound hematoma, 7 with prepuce edema, 4 with wound infection, and 3 patients with skin necrosis of the dorsal side. 7 patients eventually underwent ADM removal. Clinical Implications These adverse complications indicate that ADM should be used with caution for PGE. Strength & Limitations This study adds important data, as there are few published reports on the complications of PGE with ADM. However, this study did not compare postoperative complications with ADM to those seen with other filler material. Conclusion Even with standardized surgical methods and rigorous postoperative care, complications of PGE using ADM are severe, which indicates that it is not an ideal or safe method for PGE.

We investigated the epidemiological and clinical characteristics deaths from road traffic injury (RTI) in Beijing, and provided evidence useful for the prevention of fatal traffic trauma and for the treatment of traffic-related injuries. We retrospectively reviewed death cases provided by the Beijing Red Cross Emergency Center on road traffic injury deaths from 2008 to 2017. We analyzed population characteristics, time distribution, distribution of transportation modes, intervals to death, locations and injured body parts. From 2008 to 2017, there were 3327 deaths from RTI recorded by the Beijing Red Cross Emergency Center, with mainly males among these deaths. The average age at death was 46.19 ± 17.43 years old (46.19, 0.43–100.24). In accidents with more detail recorded, pedestrians and people using nonmotorized transportation modes suffered the most fatalities (664/968, 68.60%). The most commonly injured body parts were the head (2569/3327, 77.22%), followed by the chest (180/3327, 5.41%), abdomen (130/3327, 3.91%), lower extremities (68/3327, 2.04%), pelvis (67/3327, 2.01%), spinal cord (31/3327, 0.93%), and upper extremities (26/3327, 0.78%). Burns accounted for 0.96% (32/3327), and unknown body parts were affected in 11.28% (365/3327). The average time interval from injury to death was 36.90 ± 89.57 h (36.90, 0–720); 46.7% (1554/3327) died within 10 minutes after injury; 9.02% (300/3327) died between 10 min and 1 hour; 30.33% (1009/3327) died between 1 hour and 3 days; 13.95% (464/3327) died between 3 and 30 days. In Beijing, RTI is a significant cause of preventable death, particularly among pedestrians and users of non-motorized vehicles. Head trauma was the most lethal cause of RTI deaths. Our findings suggested that interventions to prevent collisions and reduce injuries, and improved trauma treatment process and trauma rescue system could address a certain proportion of avoidable RTI deaths.

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a serious complication of trauma. Autologous nerve transplantation is the gold standard for the treatment of long-distance peripheral nerve defects, but is often limited by insufficient donor sites, postoperative pain, and paresthesia at the donor site. Peripheral nerve tissue engineering has led to the development of neural conduits to replace autologous nerve grafts. This study aimed to evaluate a new type of electrospun nanomaterial neural conduit, enriched with tacrolimus (FK506), which is an FDA-approved immunosuppressant, for the repair of long-distance peripheral nerve injuries. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofibrous films, with FK506, were prepared by electrostatic spinning and rolled into hollow cylindrical nerve vessels with an inner diameter of 1 mm and length of 15 mm. Material characterization, mechanical testing, degradation, drug release, cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, and migration assays were performed in vitro. Long-distance sciatic nerve injuries in rats were repaired in vivo using electrospun nerve conduit bridging, and nerve regeneration and muscle and motor function recovery were evaluated by gait analysis, electrophysiology, and neuromuscular histology. Compared to PLGA, the PLGA/FK506 nanomaterial neural conduit showed little change in morphology, mechanical properties, and chemical structure. In vitro, PLGA/FK506 showed lower cytotoxicity and better biocompatibility and effectively promoted the proliferation, adhesion, and migration of Schwann cells. In vivo, PLGA/FK506 had a better effect on sciatic nerve index, compound muscle action potential intensity and delay time, and nerve regeneration quality 12 weeks post-transplantation, effectively promoting long-distance defect sciatic nerve regeneration and functional recovery in rats. FK506-enriched PLGA nanomaterial neural conduits offer an effective method for repairing long-distance peripheral nerve injury and have potential clinical applications.

Background: Models to predict mortality in trauma play an important role in outcome prediction and severity adjustment, which informs trauma quality assessment and research. Hospitals in China typically use the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) to describe injury. However, there is no suitable prediction model for China. This study attempts to develop a new mortality prediction model based on the ICD-10-CM lexicon and a Chinese database. Methods: This retrospective study extracted the data of all trauma patients admitted to the Beijing Red Cross Emergency Center, from January 2012 to July 2018 ( n = 40,205). We used relevant predictive variables to establish a prediction model following logistic regression analysis. The performance of the model was assessed based on discrimination and calibration. The bootstrapping method was used for internal validation and adjustment of model performance. Results: Sex, age, new region-severity codes, comorbidities, traumatic shock, and coma were finally included in the new model as key predictors of mortality. Among them, coma and traumatic shock had the highest scores in the model. The discrimination and calibration of this model were significant, and the internal validation performance was good. The values of the area under the curve and Brier score for the new model were 0.9640 and 0.0177, respectively; after adjustment of the bootstrapping method, they were 0.9630 and 0.0178, respectively. Conclusions: The new model (China Mortality Prediction Model in Trauma based on the ICD-10-CM lexicon) showed great discrimination and calibration, and performed well in internal validation; it should be further verified externally.