Seven new limonoids (1-7), named granatumins A-G, were isolated from seeds of an Indian mangrove (Xylocarpus granatum) collected from the wetlands of Krishna estuary, Andhra Pradesh. The known compounds khayasin T, tigloylseneganolide A, 6-deoxyswietenine, swietemahonolide, febrifugin A, gedunin, xylogranatinin, phaseic acid, (2R,3R)-3,4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavanone, and (E)-4-hydroxycinnamic acid were also isolated. The structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. Granatumins A and B are mexicanolides with endo-conjugated Delta(8,30) and Delta(14,15) double bonds, and granatumins F and G are polyhydroxylated phragmalins found previously in plants of the Meliaceae. Khayasin T exhibited moderate insecticidal activity against fifth instar larvae of Brontispa longissima (Gestro) at a concentration of 20 mg/L.

Eight limonoids, named moluccensins R-Y (1, 2, 5-10), and six known compounds, including 6-hydroxymexicanolide (3), were isolated from the seeds of an Indian mangrove, Xylocarpus moluccensis, collected in the estuaries of Andhra Pradesh. The absolute configuration of moluccensin V (7) was confirmed by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The (1)H and (13)C NMR data for 6-hydroxymexicanolide (3) was assigned for the first time, and the 6R absolute configuration established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Moluccensin R (1), 6R-hydroxymexicanolide (3), and 2-hydroxyfissinolide (4) exhibited marked antifeedant activity against the third-instar larvae of Brontispa longissima at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. The most potent compound tested was 2-hydroxyfissinolide (4), with an AFC(50) (concentration for 50% antifeedant activity) value of 94 μg/mL at 24 h.