The reactions of propargyl alcohols with carbon dioxide in supercritical carbon dioxide or in acetonitrile with gaseous carbon dioxide in the presence of organic bases as catalysts have been examined. Bicyclic guanidines are effective catalysts for the formation of a-methylene cyclic carbonates under mild reaction conditions. Oxoalkyl carbonates, oxoalkyl carbamates or a-methyleneoxazolidinones are obtained in high yields and good selectivities in one-step starting from propargyl alcohols and an external nucleophile (alcohols or amines) using bicyclic guanidines as catalysts in supercritical carbon dioxide. Propargylic diols under the same reaction conditions underwent a rearrangement process instead of carbon dioxide insertion whereas in the presence of an external nucleophile the formation of oxocarbonates, oxocarbamates or cyclic carbamates was achieved in satisfactory yields.

Effective Guanidine-Catalyzed Synthesis of Carbonate and Carbamate Derivatives from Propargyl Alcohols in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide -[all yields determined by GC]. -(DELLA CA', N.; GABRIELE, B.; RUFFOLO, G.; VELTRI, L.; ZANETTA, T.; COSTA*, M.; Adv. Synth. Catal. 353 (2011) 1, 133-146, http://dx.

In this paper, two phosphate functionalized acrylic binders are formulated to yield direct-to-metal paints without using corrosion inhibitors. The difference between both binders is the addition of polystearylacrylate crystalline nanodomains in one of them, and an amorphous methyl methacylate-co-butyl acrylate copolymer in the other. The water sensitivity, mechanical stability, adhesion, and the performance of the paints against corrosion (high humidity resistance, accelerated weathering, and salt-spray tests) are assessed and compared with a DTM paint formulated from a commercial binder. The performance of both phosphate functionalized paints formulated without corrosion inhibitors in high humidity and weathering tests is superior to the commercial DTM paint formulated without corrosion inhibitors and similar to the DTM paint formulated with them. Furthermore, the paint based on the amorphous copolymer binder provides significantly good performance in the salt spray test (even superior to that of the DTM paint formulated with corrosion inhibitors).