Human civilization, especially with its exploitative and unsustainable development activities of the last two centuries, has made environmental issues and climate change an unavoidable discussion for the public. Various ecological issues and crises are increasingly threatening the world, including Indonesia. Along with the development of information technology, the internet, and digital media, discourses related to environmental issues are becoming increasingly prominent. However, environmental communication, especially framing, is often misunderstood as a mere transmission of information, persuasion, or manipulation. The term 'slacktivism' also emerged to address the new trend of lazy activism that relies only on clicks and social media performances. This article is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative method that aims to comprehend how environmental communication and framing can be applied as praxis to address political-ecological issues. Researchers found that strategic and effective environmental communication is an integral process that is not only able to increase public awareness and understanding but also moves the community to engage more and actively participate in bringing about change. The use of social media also plays a role in gaining attention, support, and a large-scale and massive network of social-environmental activism.

Considering the benefits of mangrove forest areas and their ability to support the success of sustainable development, this study aimed to determine the attitudes of stakeholders in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (DKI Jakarta) toward the existence of mangrove areas in the North Coast of  Jakarta.  Surveys and data collection were conducted through focus group discussions and interviews. The results showed that the key actors in the development of mangrove areas in DKI Jakarta are the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia, the Department of Environmental Services of DKI Jakarta Province, the Government of DKI Jakarta Province, the Government of North Jakarta City, and the Regional House of Representatives of DKI Jakarta. In addition, other stakeholders, such as the developer, park bureau, regional development and ecotourism, were included as relay variables. In addition, the study identified the entrepreneurs, fishermen, farmers, and ponds as the dependent variables, while the industries, civil society, and warehousing as the independent variables. This study identified several options for the development of mangrove areas in DKI Jakarta, such as utilizing potential areas that have not been planted with mangroves for business area development, property development, national strategic project program, and mangrove plantation. The results of this study are expected to help policymakers develop policies for mangrove development in DKI Jakarta. Keywords: DKI Jakarta, MACTOR, mangrove forest, key actors

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