SummaryThe Amadori rearrangement was employed for the synthesis of C-glycosyl-type D-mannoside analogues, namely 1-propargylamino- and 1-phenylamino-1-deoxy-α-D-manno-heptopyranose. They were investigated as ligands of type 1-fimbriated E. coli bacteria by means of molecular docking and bacterial adhesion studies. It turns out that Amadori rearrangement products have a limited activity as inhibitors of bacterial adhesion because the β-C-glycosidically linked aglycone considerably hampers complexation within the carbohydrate binding site of the type 1-fimbrial lectin FimH.

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Carbohydrates serve as versatile molecular scaffolds and platforms in organic chemistry, for example in combinatorial chemistry or for the multivalent presentation of ligands. Carbohydrate scaffolds are frequently employed in the synthesis of multivalent glycoconjugates and utilized for the study of fundamental parameters of carbohydrate recognition. However, facile procedures are required to achieve a useful variety of sugar platforms. Here, we report on the synthesis of a series of divalent und tetravalent hydroxypropylated mannosides, using an allylation‐hydroboration sequence. The hydroxypropyl‐linkers were further functionalized with thymine in a Mitsunobu reaction to achieve multivalent glycothymine scaffolds for intramolecular [2+2] photocyclization. This will be of importance to further investigate the influence of the 3D orientation in carbohydrate recognition. We discuss the scope of the allylation‐hydroboration sequence comparing 2,3‐, 2,6‐, and 4,6‐difunctionalization and 2,3,4,6‐tetrafunctionalization of protected 2‐aminoethyl α‐d‐mannopyranosides.

The Amadori rearrangement was investigated for the synthesis of C‐glycosyl‐type neoglycoconjugates. Various amines including diamines, amino‐functionalized glycosides, lysine derivatives, and peptides were conjugated with two different heptoses to generate non‐natural C‐glycosyl‐type glycoconjugates of the d‐gluco and d‐manno series. With these studies, the scope and limitations of the Amadori rearrangement as a conjugation method have been exemplified with respect to the carbohydrate substrate, as well as the amino components.

The cover picture shows the Amadori rearrangement, which allows the conjugation of carbohydrate moieties to diverse amino components, such as amino acids, lysine‐containing peptides, complex amino‐functionalized glycosides, as well as di‐ and triamines in one step without protecting‐group manipulations. The linkage through a C‐glycosidic‐type conjugation, which is not sensitive towards enzymatic or chemical hydrolysis in a physiological environment, leads to versatile building blocks for different applications, in particular for biological investigations. Details are discussed in the article by T. K. Lindhorst, T. M. Wrodnigg et al. on http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejoc.201600458/abstract.