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SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 und neuromuskuläre ErkrankungenBestandsaufnahme der DGN (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie) Kommission Motoneuron-und neuromuskuläre ErkrankungenIn dieser Bestandsaufnahme werden das aktuell publizierte Wissen zu den primären Auswirkungen einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion/COVID-19-Erkrankung auf das periphere Nervensystem und die Muskulatur sowie zu den sekundären Verschlechterungen präexistenter neuromuskulärer Erkrankungen durch eine SARS-CoV-2-/COVID-19-Erkrankung zusammengefasst und Empfehlungen daraus abgeleitet. Infektion mit SARS-CoV-2 als neuromuskuläre PrimäraffektionHäufig fragen Patient*innen mit einer neuromuskulären Erkrankung ihre behandelnden Ärzt*innen nach dem persönli-

On the following websites you will find the latest international information: www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/ novel-coronavirus-china www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/ novel-coronavirus-2019 www.rki.

Background: In 2020, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic caused serious concerns about the availability of face masks. This paper studies the technical feasibility of user-specific face mask production by 3D printing and the effectiveness of these masks. Material & methods: Six different face mask designs were produced by 3D printing and tested by subjective experimenter evaluation and using a respirator fit testing kit. Results were compared with the requirements as given for standard protective face masks. Results: None of the printed masks came anywhere near the required standards for personal protective gear. Conclusion: In spite of their euphoric presentation in the press, none of the currently advertised 3D printed mask designs are suitable as reliable personal protective equipment.

Introduction When deployed abroad, military surgeons frequently have to deal with casualties involving head trauma. The emergency treatments, as well as craniotomies, are often performed by non-neurosurgeons qualified with basic neurotraumatological skills. Previous neurotrauma courses for education of non-neurosurgeons in Germany teach surgical emergency skills but do not include the training of skills needed to successfully utilize imaging in surgical planning, which is of importance for the safety and success of the treatment. To overcome these limitations, 3D printed models of neurotrauma cases were fabricated for application in the training of non-neurosurgeons. Materials and Methods Five models of actual neurotrauma cases from our neurosurgical department were segmented from CT scans and 3D printed using multi-part fused deposition modeling. Model quality was assessed with respect to the representation of pre-defined anatomical landmarks. The models were then fixed to a wooden mount with a central light source and covered by a latex mask for skin simulation. Surgical planning by means of craniometric measurements on the basis of available CT scans of the corresponding patients was then applied to the model. Results The 3D printed models precisely represented the cranium, the lesion, and anatomical landmarks, which are taken into consideration during surgical planning. Surface covering with washable latex masks ensured sufficient masking of the now non-noticeable lesion within the semi-translucent skull. Surgical planning was performed using washable marker drawings. When lighted, the otherwise non-visible lesion within the semi-translucent 3D printed craniums became visible and facilitated immediate success control for the course participants. Conclusion The presented method provided a way to fabricate precise 3D models of neurotrauma cases, which are suitable to teach the application of medical imaging in surgical planning. For further benefit analysis, the application of the presented education tool needs to be investigated within a neurotrauma course.