In Egypt's Western Desert, the Alam El-Buieb formation (AEB) and the Safa reservoirs have remained a challenge to drill because of their high compressive strengths and abrasive sandstone/siltstone formations. In the AEB and Safa formations, vertical sections are drilled regularly using several 8½-in roller-cone tungsten carbide insert (TCI) bits. To improve section performance and reduce overall cost per foot ($/ft), impregnated bits run on turbines and high speed motors were initially used. While these types of bottom hole assemblies (BHA) had advantages, they also came with disadvantages: The high- running costs and greater lost-in-hole (LIH) costs associated with these assemblies was a concern for most operators. Additionally, some rigs lacked the power to run them. These conditions motivated operators and bit suppliers to find alternative assemblies that can successfully drill challenging sections while reducing the $/ft by increasing the ROP and the footage each bit drills. Recent advancements in polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit design have made this possible. By altering PDC-bit profile, shape, cone angles, back rake angles, cutters and conducting test runs while being guided by finite element analysis (FEA) based modeling system and CFD modeling, design teams have produced PDC bits that are best suited for the targeted application (formation and rotary BHA). In conclusion, the newly designed PDC bits have shown a significant increase in ROP and footage compared to TCI and impregnated bits. The result is a significant reduction in drilling costs running PDC on rotary assemblies.

Nanotechnology has become the buzz word of the decade! The precise manipulation and control a matter at dimensions of (1 – 100) nanometers have revolutionized many industries including the oil and gas industry. Nanotechnology applications have pierced through different petroleum disciplines from exploration, reservoir, drilling, completion, production, processing and finally to refining. Nanoparticles are the simplest form of the structures with sizes in the nm range. In principle, any collection of atoms bonded together with a structural radius of less than 100 nm can be considered a nanoparticle. The Tiny nature of nanoparticles results in some useful characteristics, such as an increased surface area to which other materials can bond in ways that make for stronger or more lightweight materials. At the nanoscale; size does matter when it comes to how molecules react to and bond with each other. The filter cake developed during nanoparticles-based drilling fluid filtration is very thin, which implies high potential for reducing the differential pressure sticking problem and formation damage while drilling. While drilling shales formations with nanodarcy (nD) permeability, Nanoparticles can be added to the drilling fluids to minimize shale permeability through physically plugging the nanosized pores and suppress the pressure transmission, hence Nanotechnology can provide a potential solution for environmentally sensitive areas where oil-based mud (OBM) historically used as a solution to stabilize shales. Geotechnical challenges normally increase with increasing well inclination due to the highly faulted nature of many of the formations. Pressures and temperatures are typically not excessive but the complex interlayering of shales, sandstones siltstones and limestones results in multiple problems associated with borehole instability. The Paper will reveal all lab work and field procedures for new Nanotechnology additive for wells that have an intercalated lithologies and tight reservoirs. Also paper will reveal the effectiveness of the nanotechnology additives to stabilize hole geometry that is demonstrated by comparison pre-nanotechnology wells and post-nanotechnology wells