Co-incidence of sensorineural hearing loss and ophthalmic abnormalities has a tremendous influence on development of children. This study was done to determine the nature and prevalence of ophthalmic disturbances in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, complete ophthalmologic examinations such as assessment of visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, ocular motility examination, slit lamp examination and indirect funduscopy on 50 children with sensorineural hearing loss (determined by ABR), were performed. Thirty-two percent of cases had at least one kind of ophthalmic disturbances. Refractive errors were the most common abnormalities (28%), including astigmatism (12%), myopia and astigmatism (8%), and hyperopia (8%). Three (6%) cases had ocular motility disturbance including one case of esotropia, one case of exophoria and one case of exotropia. Twenty-four percent of cases had retinal abnormalities, including suspected Rubella retinopathy (6%), pigmentary changes suspect to retinitis pigmentosa (4%), optic nerve hypoplasia (4%), and finally poor fovea reflex (10%).

An isocratic reversed-phase HPLC method with ultraviolet detection at 205 nm has been developed for analysis of cyclosporine A (CyA) in rabbit ocular samples. Neither internal standard nor extraction was needed for sample preparation. Acetonitrile (ACN; 1 mL) was added to 250 lL aqueous and vitreous samples to precipitate proteins. The supernatant was dried and the residue was reconstituted in mobile phase and injected for HPLC analysis. Chromatography was performed on an octadecyl silane-A (ODSA) C 18 (4.6 9 250 mm, 5 lm) column. The column temperature was fixed at 70°C and the mobile phase was ACN 65%, methanol 20% and water 15% at a flow rate of 1.5 mL min -1 . The calibration curve for CyA in rabbit ocular samples was linear over the concentration range 0.2 and 10 lg mL -1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992. Intra-day and inter-day precision were 4.61-7.83% and 5.27-10.70%, respectively. Intra-day and inter-day accuracy were 89.2-108% and 83.4-111%, respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 5.7 and 38 ng mL -1 , respectively. The method was successfully used for analysis of CyA in real aqueous and vitreous humor samples from New Zealand albino rabbits.The method is therefore suitable for analysis of CyA in ocular samples.

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