No abstract

No abstract

Central venous cannulation is frequently used in patients with serious disease. However, it can be unsuccessful and many patients have complications. Central venous access for surgical procedures and nonsurgical reasons is a valuable adjunct to patient care. The recommended use of ultrasound to guide and optimize vascular catheterization has increasingly reduced the incidence of complications. The internal jugular vein can be visualized during the ultrasoundguided procedure. However, many factors influence accurately measuring the internal jugular vein when using ultrasound. The purpose of this study is to measure accurately the diameter of the internal jugular veins. We obtained internal jugular vein autopsy measurements from 30 subjects. The subjects died of natural or traumatic causes and were candidates for autopsy because of medico-legal reasons. In 73.3 percent of subjects, the right internal jugular vein was larger than the left internal jugular vein. However, there was considerable variation of the right and left jugular vein diameter within an individual.

No abstract

It is still often described in forensic textbooks that suicidal strangulation by ligature without auxiliary device to remain tightening the ligature after unconsciousness of the victim. We report two cases of suicidal ligature strangulation without auxiliary mechanism. One occurred in a closed room and other was carried out in a police cell. These two cases reveal that the suicidal ligature strangulation is possible without auxiliary mechanism, however it was difficult to distinguish from homicide only from forensic autopsy findings, although death scenes and existence of suicidal notes produced clear verdicts of suicide in two cases. The death mechanism in these cases was discussed. The nucleus of the neuronal cells showed good reactivity with hypoxia or ischemia related antibodies, such as cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP), RNA-binding motif protein 3(RBM3), heat shock protein 70(HSP-70) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1(HIF-1), however the cells showed no reactivity with anti Sirtuin 1(SIRT 1) and p53 antibodies which are related energy metabolism or apoptosis. This is the first report in which the expression of hypoxia and /or ischemic related antigens described above was confirmed even in post-mortem human brains.