Nigeria obtains high rate of deforestation with a loss of about 60 percent of its primary forests between 2000 and 2005 as a result of logging, subsistence agriculture, wood exploitation, and urban expansion.This research assessed the level of deforestation and how it has affected Ilorin’s microclimate and the environments. The specific objectives of this study were assessing the relationship that occurs between deforestation and microclimate, examining deforestation and the impact it has within the study area of microclimate, and forecasting the microclimate within the study area by the year 2030. The statistical tools engaged were both descriptive (mean, frequency distribution table and, bar charts) and inferential statistics (multiple regression analysis). The research indicated that there is a significant relationship between deforestation with r2 variables of 0.888 for maximum temperature, 0.201 for minimum temperature, 0.997 for precipitation, 0.43 for solar output, -0.797  and -0.873 for evapotranspiration and relative humidity respectively and Ilorin’s microclimate. The study concludes that deforestation greatly influences the microclimate of Ilorin and occurs due to human’s anthropogenic activities. Deforestation has also led to climate change. Keywords: Deforestation; Climate; Micro-climate; Vegetation Cover Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

An na al le el le e U Un ni iv ve er rs si it tă ăţ ţi ii i d di in n O Or ra ad de ea a, , S Se er ri ia a G Ge eo og gr ra af fi ie e X XX XI IX X, no. 2/ /2 20 01 19 9, pp.

This study assessed the physicochemical properties of rainwater in the urban land uses and observed the associated relationship between urban land uses and the physicochemical properties of rainwater. A total of 10 rainwater samples was collected and analysed for 15 physicochemical parameters namely: colour, conductivity, pH, total dissolved solids, turbidity, aluminium (Al3+), copper (Cu2+), iron (Fe2+), nitrate (NO3-), lead (Pb2+), nickel (Ni), sodium (Na+), phosphorus (K+), zinc (Zn2+) and sulphate (SO42-). Mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, Pearson correlation coefficient were used in the summary, analysis and interpretation of the results. The result reveal that the urban land uses and rainwater quality has a significant relationship in Ilorin Metropolis. Agricultural, industrial and institutional land uses have the least significant effect on the quality of rainwater with the significant value of 0.044, 0.035 and 0.014 (P<0.05) respectively. Residential land use has poor rainwater quality with significant value of 0.724 while commercial land use has fairly good quality with 0.585 (P>0.05). The study concludes that the urban land uses has an impact on the rainwater quality. The study recommends that rainwater be purified before drinking and sustainable urbanization policies be developed to prevent atmospheric pollution in Ilorin Metropolis.

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of tillage methods on surface runoff and model the pattern and processes of surface water pollution associated with tillage methods using Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). This model was designed to predict the impact of land management practices on water, sediment, and varying tillage types in watersheds over two planting seasons. Traditional heap (T), Plough/Harrow (PH), Plough/Harrow/Ridge (PHR) and No-tillage (NT) methods commonly used in the study area were applied to experimental plots at Unilorin Teaching and Research Farm and National Center for Agricultural Mechanization, Idofian (Nigeria). Using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), each treatment had three replicates making 12 experimental plots at each location for the 2015 and 2016 planting season. Nine biophysical parameters were purposively selected, examined and modelled. The study revealed that four of nine biophysical factors (sediment yield: 10.54 t/ha; groundwater discharge: 174.45 mm; organic nitrogen: 62.62 kg/ha, and nitrogen in surface runoff: 5.15 kg/ha) were higher for traditional heaps, while three parameters (surface runoff: 374.42 mm; evapotranspiration: 752.78 mm, and soil loss: 1.05 kg/ha) were higher under plough/harrow and plough/harrow/ridge cultivation practices. The study concluded that tillage methods have impact on water quality. However, plough/harrow has comparatively more favorable effect on the contribution to surface runoff. It is therefore recommended that this type of tillage should be adopted to reduce water pollution and for sustainable environment.