The title compounds were prepared and investigated for electron-transporting and hole-blocking materials in organic electroluminescent (EL) devices. EL efficiencies of the phosphorescent devices indicated high performance of hole-blocking ability in the compounds. A maximum external efficiency of 18% was achieved and a maximum power luminous efficiency was over 45 Lm W−1.

Increasing the productivity of workers has great economic value and is essential for achieving a sustainable society and economic progress. Therefor the purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of different air-conditioning systems on human response and productivity. The following findings were obtained by this experiment.The skin temperature difference was larger in convection air conditioning than in radiant air conditioning.Male and Female differed in thermal environment satisfaction and air flow comfort for air conditioning and air velocity.Skin temperature difference, thermal environment satisfaction, and airflow comfort affected fatigue, and productivity increased when not tired.