Purpose To report a case of retinal detachment with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear, under hypotony after trabeculectomy, which immediately resolved upon elevation of intraocular pressure. Observations A 67-year-old man who had undergone trabeculectomy presented for treatment of a visual field defect in his left eye. His glaucoma surgery was uneventful. At his first visit to our clinic, the patient's visual acuity was 15/20 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left; intraocular pressure was 18 mmHg in the right and 5 mmHg in the left. Fundus examination of the left eye revealed a retinal detachment, overlying a choroidal detachment, and an RPE tear. The retinal detachment did not resolve with systemic steroid pulse therapy or vitrectomy. The patient was then diagnosed with an exudative retinal detachment with RPE tear under hypotony, and transconjunctival sutures were applied to tighten the scleral flap, to elevate intraocular pressure. After the transconjunctival sutures were applied, intraocular pressure increased to 10 mmHg and the exudative retinal detachment immediately resolved. There was no recurrence of retinal detachment after the intervention. Conclusions and importance Because there have been few case reports of retinal detachment with an RPE tear after glaucoma filtering surgery, no therapeutic strategy has yet been proposed. The findings in this case indicate that intraocular pressure elevation is effective for treating exudative retinal detachment with RPE tear in cases of hypotony after glaucoma filtering surgery.

Background Behçet’s disease is a chronic inflammatory multisystem disorder that is characterised by oral and/or genital ulcerations as well as intraocular inflammation. Recurrent retinal vasoocclusive episodes and macular involvement may lead to severe loss of visual acuity. Patients may eventually become resistant to systemic corticosteroid and develop side effects; therefore, other immunosuppressive therapies are needed. Biologic agents are promising for the treatment of Behçet’s disease-associated uveitis. Here, we report two cases of paediatric uveitis due to Behçet’s disease that were successfully treated by early administration of adalimumab. Case presentation Patient 1 was an 11-year-old girl who presented with right conjunctival injection and photophobia. Patient 2 was a 14-year-old girl who presented with blurry vision in the left eye. Both patients were treated with topical treatment and prednisolone for uveitis; however, relapses occurred during the tapering of prednisolone. The patients were diagnosed with Behçet’s disease, and adalimumab therapy was initiated. In both cases, the inflammation was well-controlled by adalimumab administration without local or systemic corticosteroid. Conclusions Adalimumab is effective for treating children with Behçet’s disease-associated uveitis. Control of ocular inflammation was achieved without local and systemic corticosteroid, thus preventing further complications.

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PurposeSympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is an autoimmune, bilateral, granulomatous panuveitis, which occurs following penetrating eye injury or eye surgery. We report two cases of refractory SO in patients with a history of trabeculectomy, which were treated effectively with adalimumab.ObservationsCase 1: A 69-year-old male with a history of trabeculectomy for rubeotic glaucoma of the right eye, secondary to diabetic retinopathy 8 years prior, presented with a decrease in visual acuity of the left eye due to SO. After two rounds of pulse corticosteroid therapy (intravenous infusion of 1 g methylprednisolone/day for 3 days), serous retinal detachment (SRD) was resolved. As oral prednisolone was tapered to avoid deterioration of the diabetes mellitus, we shifted to other immunosuppressive therapies to control inflammation. Methotrexate 6mg/week (0.1 mg/kg) was introduced first, but was discontinued owing to side effects. After 6 months of cyclosporine 100 mg/day (1.5 mg/kg, max. dose 2.3 mg/kg), the SRD relapsed. Adalimumab was then introduced, which led to remission of SRD, and inflammation was controlled for 7 months.Case 2: A 43-year-old male, with a history of trabeculectomy for primary open-angle glaucoma of the right eye 4 years prior, presented with blurred vision in the right eye. Optical coherence tomography revealed SRD and choroidal thickening in both eyes. Pulse corticosteroid therapy (intravenous infusion of 1 g methylprednisolone/day for 3 days) was initiated, followed by oral prednisolone. SRD gradually improved, but it did not resolve completely. Given the severe visual loss the patient had experienced due to the primary open-angle glaucoma, oral prednisolone was tapered quickly to avoid steroid-induced intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. Cyclosporine 125 mg/day (1.8 mg/kg, max. dose 2.1 mg/day) was introduced first, but was later discontinued because of side effects. Adalimumab was then administered, causing the SRD to disappear; and IOP was well-controlled. After the introduction of adalimumab, control of intraocular inflammation was achieved and IOP remained within the target range for 7 months.Conclusions and importanceSO requires long-term immunosuppressive treatment. Adalimumab is an effective treatment in cases of steroid or immunosuppressant refractory SO, particularly for glaucoma patients, in whom long-term steroid therapy should be avoided.

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