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A 2 year old girl was diagnosed as having erythroleukemia (EL; M6 according to the French‐American‐British classification). After one course of low‐dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara‐C), complete remission was obtained. After three courses of low‐dose Ara‐C for consolidation, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation was performed from HLA‐identical sibling. The course of post‐transplantation was uneventful. Two years after transplantation, she continues to have durable engraftment and remission. In children with EL, conventional chemotherapy appears to be inadequate for producing durable long‐term disease‐free survival. Bone marrow transplantation should be considered in children with EL, in cases where suitable donors are available.

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This study performed human STR genotyping of DNA extracted from the stomach contents of a roof rat found near a corpse. The sample obtained from the stomach of the roof rat was divided into three parts; the control was blood from the corpse. Samples 1-3 contained 273.7, 5.1, and 1.6 pg DNA/ml, respectively. Human STR genotyping of sample 1 identified all 15 loci, whereas none was identified in samples 2 and 3. Sample 1 was fatty tissue, sample 2 was muscle, and sample 3 contained sweat glands, epithelial cells, and blood vessels. These results suggested that it is possible to detect human DNA in the stomach of a rat using human STR genotyping.