Creating vertically aligned 2D nanostructures is a promising approach to achieving advanced electronic and optoelectronic materials. In this study, Mg2Si nanosheet bundles were synthesized by Ca atom extraction from CaSi2 microwalls grown on Si substrates via thermal annealing in a MgCl2/Mg mixed vapor. The nanosheet bundle structure was modified to compound nanosheet bundles from previously reported Si nanosheet bundles. The observed Mg2Si nanosheets consist of thin Mg2Si layers, and well-defined fine-scale Mg2Si superlattice-like structures were achieved in the nanosheet bundles. In addition, the Raman scattering and photoluminescence properties were examined, and structural and electronic modifications of the nanosheet bundle compared with the bulk crystals were suggested. To obtain tailored properties and functionalities of the nanosheet bundles, structural modification of layered crystals is a useful technique.

We developed a laser-induced fluorescence imaging system for plant monitoring use, with which it was possible to make an image at any wavelength between 430nm and 750 nm. The excitation source for the fluorescence was a cw ultraviolet laser diode with 398nm, and the detector was an image-intensified charge coupled device. A liquid crystal tunable filter was used as the fluorescence wavelength selection device. All of the system performance including the wavelength tuning was electrically controlled, so that it could be operated with no mechanical vibration noise.The fluorescence images of a coffee tree leaf obtained at 440 nm, 530 nm, 685 nm, and 740 nm clearly showed a distribution pattern of the fluorescence intensity over the leaf. The pattern reflected different 1 physiological statuses of the plant. Advantages of the imaging system were experimentally discussed on a point of detection of inhomogeneous physiological activities over a plant leaf. 2In agriculture and ecological science, there are strong demands to monitor plant growth process based on physiological activities, such as photosynthesis, light use efficiency, response to growth environmental stress, retrieval process from disease and so on. Plant fluorescence can be available for these requirements. As the fluorescence is released to outside after light use occurred inside of every part of plant, it can inherently contain physiological information. Using a laser as an excitation source for laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) has some advantage, in particular, an ultraviolet laser diode (LD) is an ideal excitation source because of compactness, solid-state construction, and a low power consumption. Combination of a laser with an imaging device offers another possibility to the measurement, which is LIF imaging. This is especially effective to understand the spatial heterogeneity of plant activities.Expansion to a LIF imaging lidar (light detection and ranging) makes possible of in vivo remote monitoring of vegetation. [1][2][3] In this short technical report we describe the LIF imaging system that was developed for monitoring of plant's physiological activities.There were three basic concepts we required the system. First, the system should possess an ability of multispectral image monitoring. Several distinctive wavelengths in the plant LIF such as 430, 440, 450, 460, 475, 525, 530, 550, 600, 680,3 685, and 740nm were reported. The wavelength and the intensity varied in accordance with PH, 4 temperature, 5 stress, 6 plant species, 7 seasons 8 , and excitation source. 9If reflectance information (wavelength) on a plant such as physiological reflectance index 10 can be also monitored together with the fluorescence information, the system will be more practical. Thus multi spectral monitoring is anticipated, but it is unfavorable to prepare many filters. Second, the system does not involve as few mechanically driven devices as possible, so that precise positioning in the detection is achievable. Positioning directly influences results of image a...

CaF2 nanostructures were synthesized from Ca-silicide powders by a diluted aqueous HF treatment. Commercially-available CaSi2 crystal powders and calcium silicide powders prepared by mechanical alloying were used as the source materials, and CaF2 nanosheet bundles and nanobunches of the CaF2 nanoparticles were obtained, respectively. The morphological property of the resulting CaF2 nanostructures was characterized by electron microscopy. It was found that the morphology of the resulting products depended on the starting materials. In addition, the growth mechanism of the CaF2 nanostructures was discussed from a topological synthesis point of view.

No abstract

CaF2 nanostructures were synthesized from Ca-silicide powders by a diluted aqueous HF treatment. Commercially-available CaSi2 crystal powders and calcium silicide powders prepared by mechanical alloying were used as the source materials, and CaF2 nanosheet bundles and nanobunches of the CaF2 nanoparticles were obtained, respectively. The morphological property of the resulting CaF2 nanostructures was characterized by electron microscopy. It was found that the morphology of the resulting products depended on the starting materials. In addition, the growth mechanism of the CaF2 nanostructures was discussed from a topological synthesis point of view.