The complete mitochondrial genome of the black-fin stream jewel goby Stiphodon percnopterygionus has been amplified and sequenced. The whole mitochondrial genome is 16,502 base pairs (bp) in total length and consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and 1 control region (CR). The overall base composition is 28.1% for A, 17.1% for G, 28.7% for C and 26.0% for T with AT comprising 54.1%. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCGs) sequence data for 34 related taxa of the order Gobiiformes showed that S. percnopterygionus is closely related to S. tuivi. These findings will contribute for phylogenetic, phylogeography and further genetic studies in genus Stiphodon and related gobiid fishes.

A new wriggler of genus Xenisthmus was collected from Taitung and Pingtung Counties, Taiwan, while using SCUBA diving of coral reef fish survey. The new species, Xenisthmus nigrolateralis, can be well distinguished from other congeners by the following unique combination of features: (1) fins: second dorsal fin rays I/13; anal fin rays I/13; pectoral fin rays16; (2) squamation: longitudinal scale series 68-70; perdorsal scales 23; (3) vertebral count 10+16=26; (4) preopercular canal present with rather more, 5 pores γ1, γ, δ, ε, and ε1 and (5) specific colouration: lateral side with broad, deep brown stripe from rear of lateral gill opening to caudal fin base, and caudal fin with median blackish brown mark, and upper and lower regions translucent, the base with a vertical black bar. The comparison of other congeners would be also discussed in this paper.

A new species of goby of the subfamily Sicydiinae, Lentipes niasensis, is described from the stream of Humogo River, Nias Island, Indonesia. This species can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of features: (1) fin ray counts: D2 I/10; A I/10; P 17–18; D1 not connected to D2 in either sex. (2) squamation: LR 7–11; anterior half of body naked, lateral body scales present from 5–6th rays of second dorsal-fin to hypural, embedded in skin. (3) upper jaw teeth in male 14–19 and in female 33–38. (4) urogenital papilla in male slender and distally pointed, flanked by pair of associated fleshy lobes and not retractable into sheath–like groove. (5) distinctive colour pattern of male: upper lip greyish, red patches on the pectoral-fin base, on mid-body below origin of second dorsal-fin and at caudal peduncle.

The new balitorid fish was collected in the Kaoping river basin from southern Taiwan. The new balitorid, Hemimyzon yushanensis n. sp. can be well distinguished from other congeneric species by following combination of features: (1) dorsal fin rays 3 + 8; pectoral fin rays 11-13 + 9-11 (total 22-23; modally 22); (2) lateral-line scales 69-72 (modally 70); predorsal scales 25-30 (26-27); (3) pelvic fin moderate large, extending to rear vertical of dorsal fin; (4) the position of anus with larger distance of pelvic rear tip to anus about 1.2-1.7 times of that of anus to anal fin origin; and (5) specific coloration: predrorsal region and head with rounded creamy yellow spots, pectoral and pelvic fins with several small whitish spots on greenish brown background. The morphological comparison of congeners and diagnostic key of Taiwanese species would be also provided in this paper.