Brazil is one of the world's largest producers of beef cattle and dairy products, which requires high forage yield to attend grass-fed animals' demand. Among the grass species adopted in the forage production system in Brazil, the Brachiaria genus stands out. This genus comprises nearly 85% of all planted forage area. In general, forage production systems in Brazil are essentially rainfed, and thus susceptible to seasonal soil water stresses. Selecting the suitable Brachiaria cultivar for lands susceptible to periodic waterlogging and dry spells is crucial to enhance forage yield, and consequently, to reduce the environmental footprint of the livestock sector. In this research, we investigated the performance of three recent commercial Brachiaria brizantha cultivars (Piatã, BRS Paiaguás, and MG13 Braúna) extensively adopted in Brazil's grazing systems subjected to different ranges of soil water potential. For three cutting periods, yield related-variables (e.g., plant height, leaf area, dry biomass, and water use efficiency) were measured. Our results point to the existence of a low drought-resistant trait among cultivars, indicating the need for releasing better-adapted cultivars to cope with reduced soil water availability. All cultivars achieved higher performance at soil water pressure head between −15 kPa and −25 kPa; and in general, the cultivar. Piatã showed slightly superior results to most of the treatments.
CRESCIMENTO DA AGRICULTURA IRRIGADA POR PIVÔ CENTRAL NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO ALTO RIO DAS MORTES - MT JUAN VICENTE LIENDRO MONCADA1; JEFFERSON VIEIRA JOSÉ2; JÉFFERSON DE OLIVEIRA COSTA3; CARLOS ALBERTO QUILOANGO-CHIMARRO4; NICLENE PONCE RODRIGUES DE OLIVEIRA5 E TONNY JOSÉ DE ARAÚJO DA SILVA6 1 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenida dos Estudantes, 5055, Cidade Universitária, 78736-900, Rondonópolis, MT, Brasil. E-mail: liendroing@gmail.com. 2 Centro Multidisciplinar Campus Floresta, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFA), Estrada do Canela Fina, Km 12, Colônia São Francisco, 69980-000, Cruzeiro do Sul, AC, Brasil. E-mail: jfvieira@hotmail.com.br. 3 Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP/ESALQ), Avenida Pádua Dias, 235, Agronomia, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. E-mail: costajo@alumni.usp.br. 4 Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP/ESALQ), Avenida Pádua Dias, 235, Agronomia, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. E-mail: caquiloango@usp.br. 5 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenida dos Estudantes, 5055, Cidade Universitária, 78736-900, Rondonópolis, MT, Brasil. E-mail: niclene_ponce@hotmail.com. 6 Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Avenida dos Estudantes, 5055, Cidade Universitária, 78736-900, Rondonópolis, MT, Brasil. E-mail: tonnyjasilva@hotmail.com. 1 RESUMO O uso do solo e o seu tipo de cobertura tem sofrido modificações significativas nos últimos anos com o crescimento populacional e desenvolvimento da agricultura. Para obtenção de incrementos de produtividade agrícola uma das tecnologias mais empregadas no Brasil e no mundo é a irrigação. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi identificar o número de equipamentos e as áreas equipadas com pivôs centrais na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Rio das Mortes no Estado de Mato Grosso, utilizando imagens de satélite de média resolução espacial. A bacia hidrográfica do Rio das Mortes está localizada no Centro-Oeste do Brasil, a qual está inserida na bacia do Rio Araguaia-Tocantins. Foram utilizadas imagens de satélite Landsat e a plataforma do Google Earth Engine (GEE). Foram construídas camadas de Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) e a partir desses dados procedeu-se a identificação e quantificação das áreas irrigadas por pivô central no local de estudo. Verificamos que a maior concentração de pivôs ocorre nas sub-bacias de Primavera do Leste (213 pivôs, 28 mil hectares) e Poxoréu (31 pivôs, 5 mil hectares). A bacia do Alto Rio das Mortes no ano de 2018 apresentava 271 pivôs centrais, ocupando uma área irrigada de aproximadamente 36,5 mil hectares. Keywords: geotecnologias, índice de vegetação, irrigação, sensoriamento remoto. MONCADA, J. V. L.; JOSÉ, J. V.; COSTA, J. O.; QUILOANGO-CHIMARRO, C. A.; OLIVEIRA, N. P. R.; SILVA, T. J. A. INCREASE IN CENTER PIVOT-IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IN THE RIO DAS MORTES-MT RIVER BASIN 2 ABSTRACT Land use and land cover have changed significantly in recent years with population growth and the development of agriculture. To obtain increases in agricultural productivity, one of the most used technologies in Brazil and around the world is irrigation. This research identified the amount of equipment and areas equipped by center pivots in the Rio das Mortes River basin in the State of Mato Grosso, using satellite images of medium spatial resolution. The Rio das Mortes River basin is located in center-western Brazil, which is inserted in the Araguaia-Tocantins River basin. Landsat satellite images and the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform were used. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) layers were constructed, and then the identification and quantification of the areas irrigated by center pivot in the study area were performed. The highest concentration of pivots in the Rio das Mortes River basin is in the sub-basins of Primavera do Leste (213 pivots, 28 thousand hectares) and Poxoréu (31 pivots, 5 thousand hectares). The Rio das Mortes River basin in 2018 had 271 center pivots, occupying an irrigated area of approximately 36.5 thousand hectares. Keywords: geotechnologies, vegetation index, irrigation, remote sensing.
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