Future epidemiological strategies using longitudinal study designs could play a pivotal role in better elucidating the controversies in UI natural history and the pathophysiology of its subtypes leading to improved clinical care.

No abstract

The diagnosis of MUI encompasses a very heterogeneous group of women. The evaluation and treatment requires an individualized approach. The use of validated questionnaires is recommended to assess urinary incontinence symptoms and effect on quality of life. Conservative therapy is suggested as a first-line approach; if surgery is contemplated, urodynamic investigation is recommended. Women undergoing surgical treatment for MUI need to be counselled about the possibility of persistence of urinary urgency, frequency and urge incontinence even if stress urinary incontinence is cured.

In this convenience sample of Lebanese women, PFD symptoms were common and were significantly correlated with demographic characteristics and self-reported comorbidities. The key reason for not seeking health care related to PFD was financial concern.

The abstract contained several orthographic errors that were introduced by the typesetter. The correct abstract is reproduced in full here.Abstract A vesicovaginal fistula may occur as a surgical complication, the result of obstructed labor, or a late manifestation of radiotherapy. Surgical treatment includes many routes and techniques, with a success rate reaching 100%. The spontaneous closure of vesicovaginal fistulae following bladder drainage alone for varying periods has been reported by many. The factors favoring the success of this conservative method have not been well examined. In this investigation, all articles referring to this modality were reviewed. The parameters studied included etiology, size, interval from causative insult to drainage, and duration of drainage. The incidence of spontaneous closure of fistulae after bladder drainage alone ranged between 0 and 100%. Among all assessed criteria, the interval to drainage seems to have the best correlation with success. This finding is most likely explained on the basis of the epithelialization of the fistulous tract with time, preventing spontaneous healing. In view of the retrospective nature of the reviewed articles, the absence of a detailed classification system, and the heterogeneity of the treatment in question, no solid conclusion regarding management recommendations can be drawn.