No abstract

Sand production has been a constraint to obtain maximized production rates for a number of years for several Statoil fields in the North Sea, due to issues related to: erosion potential not always easy to assess; safe operations: too many uncertainties related to increased sand production; and limited process handling capacity. Statoil has implemented the Acceptable Sand Rate (ASR), developed together with DNV, as a company strategy for increasing production rates by tolerating sand production within certain limits of maximum allowable sand volume, and maximum allowable erosion in the flow lines and the process system. Although these efforts have resulted in increased production, there is still a way to go to fully utilize the production potential. A key factor with respect to effective sand management is the collaboration and continuous communication among operators and suppliers, and the confidence and methodical approach that engineers and sand monitors' users should employ supported by a cross disciplinary effort. This paper will present the work carried out jointly by the operator and the suppliers through extensive lab work on the sand monitoring systems available today. The aim of the work is to explore the influence of piping geometry, sand characteristics and fluid/operational conditions on the sand monitors, in a controlled environment, in order to improve their implementation according to the ASR strategy. Instruments, test conditions, CFD analysis, results and conclusions will be described for both acoustic and erosion based monitoring devices.

Sand production has been a critical factor regard the safety and the economics of many oil and gas fields. The first acoustic sand monitor was commissioned in 1995. Since then, a significant amount of time and money have been spent on controlling sand production. A critical factor has always been accuracy and reliability of the systems, with different approaches used to accommodate the risk and the challenges different fields present. This presentation will look back at how things were done in the beginning, what we have learned, and how things have changed. It will also cover the technical evolution since then. We will look at the challenges still to be solved, and the experience gained in the areas of sand production, sand transport and sand monitoring. The presentation will be supported by field cases.