This paper reports an experiment conducted to evaluate correction methods of chromatic aberrations in images acquired by a nonmetric digital camera. The chromatic aberration correction methods evaluated in the experiment are classified into two kinds. One is the method to correct image coordinates by using camera calibration results of color-separated images. The other is the method based on the assumption that the magnitude of chromatic aberrations can be expressed by a function of a radial distance from the center of an image frame. The former is classified further into five types according to the difference of orientation parameters common to all colors. The latter is classified further into three types according to the order of the correction function. We adopt a linear function, a quadratic function and a cubic function of the radial distance as a correction function. We utilize a set of 16 convergent images shooting a white sheet with 10 by 10 black filled circles to carry out camera calibration and estimate unknown coefficients in the correction function by means of least squares adjustment. We evaluate the chromatic aberration correction methods by using a normal image shooting a white sheet with 14 by 10 black filled circles. From the experiment results, we conclude that the method based on the assumption that the magnitude of chromatic aberrations can be expressed by a cubic function of the radial distance is the best method of the evaluated methods, and would be able to correct chromatic aberrations satisfactorily enough in many cases.

The heavy rain in Northern Kyushu District on July 5, 2017 caused a sediment disaster, resulting in the loss of many lives and damage to buildings. In this study, the primary causes (topography and geology) and trigger factors (rainfall) for the sediment disaster were spatially analyzed to examine factors contributing to slope failure. As a result, it was found that the number of slope failures was highest in metamorphic rock areas and the occurrence density of the landslides was highest in plutonic rock areas. In addition, the slope angle of the slope-failure source point was sizable in volcanic rock areas and many landslides occurred in the valley-formed areas. A rainfall analysis showed that the Akatani, Shirakitani, Sozu, Kita, Naragaya, Myoken, Katsura river basins and Ono, Ohi, Sata, Inaibaru river basins are different rainfall distributions, which significantly affected the slope-failure occurrence density.

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In this study, based on the damage survey in Nepal, shake table tests and rainfall experiments using a typical gabion retaining wall model were conducted to investigate the influence on earthquake and rainfall basically. In a series of experiments, two same models with retaining wall with slope ground same as typical gabion retaining wall in Nepal were constructed in rigid soil container. Then, the model experiments containing shake table test after preceding rainfall and rainfall after preceding shake table test were simultaneously performed in order to confirm difference of the damage aspects caused by pattern of earthquake and rainfall. As main results, it was confirmed that the deformation tendency of the gabion retaining wall was different by the order of rainfall and earthquake. Especially, the deformation of the retaining wall in Case of preceding shake table test was minor compared to preceding rainfall. Regardless of the order by rainfall and earthquake, the gabion retaining wall showed the same tendency on deformation mode.

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