No abstract

[reaction--see text] Indoles are selectively acylated at the 3-position in high yields on treatment with a wide variety of acyl chlorides in CH(2)Cl(2) in the presence of diethylaluminum chloride or dimethylaluminum chloride. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and is applicable to indoles bearing various functional groups without NH protection.

No abstract

The beta-hetero-substituted vinylphosphonates 1a-c on treatment with LDA or LTMP were readily lithiated at the alpha-position of the phosphono group, and the resulting alpha-lithiovinylphosphonates were trapped with various electrophiles to afford the corresponding alpha-functionalized vinylphosphonates 2-14 in 55-96% yields. The Friedel-Crafts reaction of alpha-(silyl)- or alpha-(germyl)phosphonoketene dithioacetals 2, 9, or 4 with acid chlorides gave alpha-acylated phosphonoketene dithioacetals 15-19 in 53-91% yields. The palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of beta-ethoxy-alpha-(tributylstannyl)vinylphosphonate 13 with a variety of organic halides (R = acyl, allyl, aryl, etc.) provided beta-ethoxy-alpha-substituted vinylphosphonates 21-26 in good to moderate yields. The palladium-mediated cross-coupling reaction of alpha-(iodo)vinylphosphonates 7 and 14 with terminal acetylenes afforded alpha-alkynylated vinylphosphonates 41-44 in 69-83% yields. Several alpha-functionalized beta-hetero-substituted vinylphosphonates were applied to the synthesis of pyrazoles and an isoxazole possessing a phosphono function.