No abstract

Few cases of dopamine agonist-induced antecollis in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been reported. Literature review of 16 PD patients including our 3 cases with dopamine agonist-induced antecollis showed predominance of (1) Japanese, (2) women, and (3) Hoehn-Yahr stage of >or=3. We experienced three Japanese PD patients who subacutely exhibited antecollis following increased dopamine agonist dose that improved just after withdrawal of the agonist. One patient developed antecollis during increasing pramipexole dose in combination with cabergoline. Antecollis in another patient appeared during increasing pramipexole dose; it worsened after substituting pergolide for pramipexole, but improved after withdrawal of pergolide. Our cases indicate that there is no specific dopamine agonist causing antecollis, and it is possibly caused by a number of single dopamine agonists or a combination of them. Dopamine agonist-induced antecollis should be considered when encountering antecollis in PD patients being treated with dopamine agonists and withdrawal of the agonist can improve symptoms.

Circulatory MMP-3 levels are correlated with disease activity in relapsing-remitting MS. This may contribute to the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier at the time of relapse.

No abstract

Functional gut disorder can be a presenting feature of spinal cord lesion (1).Abdominal X-ray disclosed marked gas in the colon and the small bowel (Fig. 1A). MRI scans of the cervical cord showed bilateral lesions mostly in the lateral portion on T2-weighted images from C4 to T2 level (Fig. 1B, arrowheads 481-485, 1996.