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Côte d'Ivoire is the world's leading producer and exporter of cashew nuts. However, walnut yields in Ivorian orchards remain low. These low yields are due to a park of aging orchards, lack of improved varieties and high density of plantations. The general objective of this study is to contribute to the renewal of the cashew apple orchard by the technique of over grafting To achieve this, trees of different ages and low productivity were received at different heights, different trunk circumferences and under different levels of thinning. Three months after the grafting, grafts taken from elite trees were grafted on the regrowth. The results collected showed that the youngest trees and older trees gave the shortest regrowth (30.52 to 33.38 days). The number 307 of leafy shoots, the leaf area of the leaves emitted and the percentage of success were greater when the trees were retrieved at a height of 140 cm from the ground. . The analysis of variance made it possible to highlight the difference between the individuals for each factor studied. Trees larger than 50 cm produced the largest number of leafy shoots (32). Depending on the level of thinning, the well-lit gryphon was more vigorous. The average weights of the trees grafted according to the genotypes were between 27.5 and 234 g / tree against 493 g / tree for non-grafted plantation trees.

The yield of Bambara groundnut [Vignasubterranea L. (Verdc.)] is extremely low and unpredictable. Erratic yields have been attributed, at least in part, to variable or poor field establishment due to seedling emergence. The aim of this study wasto evaluate under field conditions, the effects of genotype and environment on seedling emergence in Bambara groundnut. Field experiment was conducted with 15 landraces in Northern and Southern regions of Cote dIvoire. A randomized complete block design with five replications was used in each environment. Estimated variables included number of day for emergence (DFE), mean emergence time (MET), emergence index (EI), time to 50% emergence (T50) and seedling emergence percentage (EP). Analysis of variance revealed significant (P < 0.05) differences between genotypes, locations and the interaction genotype x location for all traits studied. Location x year x genotype interactions were only significant for DFE, EI and EP.The highest DFE and T50 and MET were observed with the genotype Ci7. The least DFE, MET and T50 were obtained with genotypes Ci1, Ci2, Ci10, Ci11, Ci12, Ci13 and Ci22. Highest seedling emergence percentage was recorded with genotype Ci15 (93.29%) in Korhogo and Ci4 in Korhogo (90.85%) and Abidjan (89.59 %). Lowest EP was observed with the genotype Ci3 (42.33%).Correlations indicated that genotype with higher emergence percentage, emerged faster (low DFE, MET, T50) and exhibited higher emergence index (EI). AMMI analysis showed that Ci1, Ci4, Ci7, Ci11, Ci14 and Ci15 were the ideal genotypes because they expressed high and stable EP.

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