In individuals with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular disease, does the treatment of OSA with continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP), in addition to medical management of cardiovascular disease (usual care), reduce the incidence of the primary composite end point (death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or transient ischemic attack)? Methods DesignMulti-center, randomized, parallel-group, open-label trial, with blinded end-point assessment; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00738179; Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number: ACTRN12608000409370. AllocationRandomization was conducted by a centralized computer system. The randomization sequence was concealed. Randomization was performed with the use of a minimization procedure and stratification was according to study site, type of cardiovascular disease (cardiac, cerebrovascular, or both), and severity of daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale score < 11 vs. ≥ 11). BlindingThe investigators and participants were not blinded to study arm assignment. The primary and secondary outcome measurements were blinded. Follow-up periodThe end of the study was when a statistically pre-determined number of efficacy endpoint events had been observed or every patient had participated for at least 1.5 years. The mean followup was 3.7 years. JOURNAL CLUB SAVE Me From CPAPSummary and commentary on McEvoy et al. CPAP for prevention of cardiovascular events in obstructive sleep apnea.