Background: Injection is one of the most frequently used medical methods to introduce drugs or other substances into the body for purposes of treatment or prevention. Unsafe injection can cause adverse outcomes, such as abscess and anaphylactic shock, and increases the risk of blood-borne transmission of viruses to patients and health care workers, as well as the community. Recognizing the importance of injection safety, in 2000 the Vietnamese Ministry of Health (MOH) collaborated with the Vietnam Nurses Association to launch the “Safe injection” program throughout the country, including Hanoi. Methods: This cross-sectional study, combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, was conducted from February to August 2012 in Ha Dong General Hospital using a structured questionnaire and observation checklist. The target population of the study was 109 nurses working in clinical departments and 436 injections were observed. Results: The percentage of nurses who are familiar with injection safety standards was found to be 82.6%. The proportion of practical injections that met the 23 standards of injection safety set by the MOH amounted to 22.2%. The factors related to safe injection practice of nurses who are younger age group (OR=3.1; p<0.05) and lower amount of working years (OR=2.8; p<0.05). Conclusions: Despite the high level of knowledge about safety injection, a low proportion of nurses performed correct safety injection practice. Moreover, the results demonstrated that experience might not always guarantee better practice. The findings raise the need for further training about this issue, especially among older nurses.

Injection is one of the most frequently used medical methods to

This study investigates the use of Japanese intransitive and transitive verbs among the Vietnamese using KY Corpus. It identifies major features of errors committed by the Vietnamese in their use of Japanese intransitive and transitive verbs, namely (1) errors due to confusion of verb transformation, which account for a high proportion; (2) errors because of the Vietnamese learners' failure in recognizing perspectives that result in construal of the real world, which may rely on the speakers' own perspective or on that of the perceived entities; (3) errors resulting from negative transfer or word-for-word translation from L1 to L2 involving the passive voice, causative constructions; and (4) errors related to the use of auxiliaries in sentences with intransitive and transitive verbs.

Injection is one of the most frequently used medical methods to