No abstract

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) have been shown to exert numerous health benefits, including anti-carcinogenic, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, antiobesity, cholesterol reducing, antioxidant, anti-microbial, immune system modulator and growth-stimulating properties. In human, CLA is produced from Linoleic acid (LA) by gut bacteria. In this study, nineteen Lactobacillus (Lac.) strains isolated from human feces were studied to determine their ability to metabolize LA. The bacteria were grown in the liquid form of anaerobic MRS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/mL LA. The linoleate isomerase activity in bacteria grown on MRS medium was determined by Gas chromatograpy. The results indicated that 4 out of 19 strains, including strains Lac.02, Lac.05, Lac.14 and Lac.16 are capable of producing about 40-50 μg/mL CLA from LA. Among them, the highest ability to produce CLA from LA is Lac.02 strain. In the production of CLA from LA, enzymes involved in this metabolism in Lactobacillus act as catalysts of hydration/dehydration (CLA-HY), oxidation of hydroxy groups/reduction of oxo groups (CLA-DH), migration of carbon-carbon double bonds (CLA-DC), and saturation of carbon-carbon double bonds (CLA-ER). The cla-dh, cla-dc, cla-hy and cla-er genes that encode enzymes CLA-DH, CLA-DC, and CLA-ER had been found in all Lac.02, Lac.05, Lac.14 and Lac.16 strains. Gas chromatography traces indicated that these strains produced the same compounds, which was subsequently identified as cis-9, trans-11, and trans-10, cis-12 CLA. In the next study, we will optimize the conditions such as substrate concentrations, pH values, temperature and culture time of each strain to obtain the best rerults.

Meningococcal bacterium Neisseria meningitidis is one of the major causes of meningitis worldwide. Currently in Vietnam, N. meningitidis B and C are the most prevalent invasive serogroups. N. meningitidis expresses two major transmembrane proteins, PorA and PorB, of which PorA showed high levels of polymorphism among strains and has been studied as one component of vaccines against N. meningitidis B. Polymorphisms in porA gene clustered into three variable regions VR1, VR2 and VR3. In this study, we sequenced the entired porA gene of 19 N. meningitidis strains isolated from military units in northern Vietnam during the period 2008 – 2017 in order to: (1) evaluate the polymorphism of porA gene at nucleotide level and predict its immuno-reactivity from annotated amino acide sequences; and (2) compare porA variants of Vietnamese strains with known strains worldwide. Our results showed a high level of polymorphisms among Vietnamese strains, with the highest polymorphism found in VR1, followed by VR2 and VR3. Notably, 5/19 strains in this study showed novel variants at VR2 with unknown immunological reactivity. This result suggested potential novel immunological characteristics of meningococcal strains from Vietnam.

Tôm sú (Penaeus monodon) là loài thủy sản nuôi trồng đem lại nguồn lợi lớn cho quốc gia. Trong những năm gần đây, xuất khẩu tôm sú có thể đạt gần một tỷ USD/năm. Tuy nhiên, các dữ liệu về hệ gen và hệ phiên mã của tôm sú còn hạn chế khiến cho việc nghiên cứu phục vụ cho việc chọn tạo giống với những tính trạng quan trọng như tăng trưởng nhanh, kháng bệnh còn gặp nhiều khó khăn. Giải trình tự và phân tích hệ phiên mã tôm sú sẽ cung cấp các dữ liệu quan trọng cho công tác chọn giống tôm sú. Trong nghiên cứu này, từ gói dữ liệu giải trình tự thế hệ mới mô cơ và mô gan tụy tôm sú thu nhận từ vùng biển Bắc Trung Bộ Việt Nam, chúng tôi đã đánh giá, tiền xử l. và lắp ráp de novo hệ phiên mã, tinh sạch và thu được 17.406 unigene với kích thước trung bình là 403,06 bp, N50 là 402 bp. Toàn bộ các unigene trong hệ phiên mã tinh sạch được chú giải với 4 cơ sở dữ liệu khác nhau và đã sàng lọc được 51 unigene liên quan đến tính trạng tăng trưởng. Phân tích biểu hiện cho thấy 16.148 unigene có sự biểu hiện khác biệt giữa mô cơ và mô gan tụy. Những kết quả này sẽ là nguồn dữ liệu hữu ích về hệ phiên mã tôm sú và có thể được áp dụng cho nhiều nghiên cứu tiếp theo đặc biệt trong việc sàng lọc các chỉ thị phân tử liên kết với những tính trạng có . nghĩa kinh tế quan trọng ở tôm sú.

Nowadays, the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) farming in Vietnam still have to face a lot of problems, especially in the Country’s Shrimp Broodstock Production. To overcome these problems, we need a strategy for development of domesticated stocks of P. monodon and rational breeding programs for improved growth and disease resistance. Marker-assisted selection is a procedure that has been developed to avoid these problems associated with phenotypic selection, replacing the selection of the phenotype by selection using markers linked with quantitative trait loci (QTL). Application of next generation sequencing (NGS) associated with QTL to discover important molecular markers has been applied in many laboratories. In this study, we used genome typing by sequencing (GBS) with NGS for screening the SNPs related with growth trait to create a database for father study on the black tiger shrimp fast growth selection. Based on the putative genome sequences created by de novo assembly, 2887 SNPs have been screened, among them, 1799 SNPs appeared only in the fast growth population. Among the 287 annotated contigs, the two contigs were homologous with myosin heavy chain (MHC) associated with growth trait in crustacean species, contig83953 andcontig260347 were homologous with MHCa and MHC1, respectively. The two SNPs Contig83953:g.20T>C and Contig260347:g.19G>A were indicated. We hope that, these results will contribute to the black tiger shrimp genome database for further study to exploit the molecular markers for black tiger shrimp breeding and selections.