Global revenue by passenger kilometers over the last ten years has grown at an average of 4.7 percent per year. The high growth of air transport must be offset by equivalent airport investment: perhaps even a doubling of the percentage growth of numbers of passengers. The purpose of this paper is to build a development model for investment in hub-and-spoke airport networks. The methodology developed in this paper uses systems dynamics theory. The benefit of using this approach is that the variables in the model are determined through a systems thinking process; the determination of variables through such a thinking process considers causality between variables dynamically, logically, and realistically within a complex aviation industry system. The simulation model shows that using a system dynamics approach can be used to simulate airport infrastructure investment development in a hub-and-spoke network. One of the subsystems is congestion; the result of simulation of this subsystem yields the behavioral characteristics, which show that a surge in demand (which is then offset by the provision of capacity or capacity enlargement) will eventually become stable, indicated by a lack of lines on the runway side. This means that decreases in congestion will increase passenger demand, and will also enhance potential investment in airport infrastructure.

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Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat telah menetapkan untuk mengembangkan Bandar Udara Internasional Jawa Barat (BIJB) di Kertajati, Kabupaten Majalengka dan menjadikan tata ruang kawasan sekitarnya terintegrasi menjadikan kota bandar udara (aero-city). Penelitian ini membahas pengembangan sebuah kota bandar udara atau aerotropolis bendasarkan studi literatur (meta analisis) yang kemudian dikaitkan dengan konsep tata ruang Kertajati maupun konteks Kota Cirebon Raya dan permasalahan maupun potensi yang ada. Di dalam pengelolaannya, dikarenakan sumber pembiayaan dari pemerintah pusat, maka perlu dibuat Badan Pelayanan Umum (BLU) untuk penanganan bandara  dan PT. BIJB dibentuk oleh Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat untuk menangani kawasan sekitarnya  agar konsep Aero-City dapat terwujud. Kemitraan Pemerintah dengan Badan Usaha (KPBU) juga dimungkinkan baik di fasilitas ke bandar-udaraan maupun fasilitas penunjang. [West Java International Airport and The Potential of Kertajati as The Aerocity] West Java Provincial Government has decided to develop West Java International Airport (BIJB) in Kertajati, Majalengka Regency, and plan to integrate its surrounding region as an aerocity. This paper discusses the development of an airport as a city, or aerotropolis, based on literature review (meta analysis) which is then associated with the concept of Kertajati spatial management as well as the context of Greater Cirebon Area and the existing problems as well as the potential. Since the central government acts as a financing source, it is important to establish a public service agency that will support the management of airport within its technical part while the BIJB enterprise, that is formed by West Java Provincial Government will be focused to actualize the concept of aerocity. Therefore the partnership of the Government with Business Entities is also possible both in airport facilities or airport supporting facilities.

The thermal energy conversion of natural gas (NG) using appropriate configuration cycles represents one of the best nonrenewable energy resources because of its high heating value and low environmental effects. The natural gas can be converted to liquefied natural gas (LNG), via the liquefaction process, which is used as a heat source and sink in various multigeneration cycles. In this paper, a new configuration cycle is proposed using LNG as a heat source and heat sink. This new proposed cycle includes the CO2 cycle, the organic Rankine cycle (ORC), a heater, a cooler, an NaClO plant, and reverse osmosis. This cycle generates electrical power, heating and cooling energy, potable water (PW), hydrogen, and salt all at the same time. For this purpose, one computer program is provided in an engineering equation solver for energy, exergy, and thermo-economic analyses. The results for each subsystem are validated by previous researches in this field. This system produces 10.53 GWh electrical energy, 276.4 GWh cooling energy, 1783 GWh heating energy, 17,280 m3 potable water, 739.56 tons of hydrogen, and 383.78 tons of salt in a year. The proposed system energy efficiency is 54.3%, while the exergy efficiency is equal to 13.1%. The economic evaluation showed that the payback period, the simple payback period, the net present value, and internal rate of return are equal to 7.9 years, 6.9 years, 908.9 million USD, and 0.138, respectively.

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