This study aimed to test the relations of perceived autonomy-supportive and controlling behaviours from coaches with athletes’ sport performance during competition in a context of female aesthetic group gymnastics. In line with self-determination theory, it was expected that the sequence of perceived psychological needs satisfaction and autonomous motivation, and psychological needs frustration and controlled motivation would mediate these relationships. Female aesthetic group gymnasts (n=128) ages 11–20 years completed self-report measures of perceived autonomysupportive and controlling behaviours from coaches, athletes’ needs satisfaction and needs frustration, including the need for novelty, as well as athletes’ autonomous and controlled motivation. Athletes’ objective performance during the competition was also obtained. Results from the single-indicator structural equation modelling analyses revealed a positive, indirect relationship between perceived autonomy-supportive behaviour from coaches and athletes’ performance mediated by the sequence of needs satisfaction and autonomous motivation. Significant indirect relationship between perceived controlling behaviour from coaches and athletes’ performance mediated by the sequence of needs frustration and controlled motivation was not followed. However, a negative direct relationship of controlled motivation, instigated by needs frustration, on athletes’ performance was evident. Findings suggest that perceived autonomy-supportive behaviour from coaches is an essential antecedent to athletes’ performance in a female aesthetic group gymnastics.

Introduction.- Obesity is a major threat to global health. When more conventional methods have failed, obesity can be addressed via bariatric surgery. Here we examine the reasons why patients choose bariatric surgery and the behavioral consequences thereafter. Methods.- A qualitative study with a phenomenological design was used to analyze detailed interview responses from recipients of bariatric surgery. Results.- Before surgery, (a) bariatric surgery was chosen for obvious reasons: patients had been overweight, had obesity-related health problems, and had difficulties moving. (b) Information was obtained from medical practitioners and online discussion groups. (c) Fear, anxiety, and apprehension were common. Friends and family were supportive and disapproving. After surgery, (1) many chronic health problems disappeared or eased significantly. (2) Subjects experienced difficulties adjusting with changed food tastes and small portions. (3) Physical activity increased (4) Self-esteem increased but the worry of regaining the weight remained. (5) As before surgery, there were supportive and condemning attitudes by relatives, friends, and society. (6) A desire for further nutritional and psychological counseling after surgery was indicated. (7) Relationships and quality of sex improved in most cases but not always. Single women, particularly, became more active in potential relationships. Discussion.-With a few exceptions, our results agree with the literature, supporting the idea that bariatric surgery leads to extensive physical, psychological, and social changes. Hence, patients ought to be better prepared for these changes, and medical practitioners ought to be aware of the magnitude of the changes this surgery will bring about in their patients' lives.