This paper argues that there is ethical and practical necessity for including women's needs, perspectives, and expertise in international climate change negotiations. I show that climate change contributes to women's hardships because of the conjunction of the feminization of poverty and environmental degradation caused by climate change. I then provide data I collected in Ghana to demonstrate effects of extreme weather events on women subsistence farmers and argue that women have knowledge to contribute to adaptation efforts. The final section surveys the international climate debate, assesses explanations for its gender blindness, and summarizes the progress on gender that was made at Copenhagen and Cancun in order to document and provoke movement toward climate justice for women.

Ecological restoration is the practice of ecosystem management that alters an ecosystem, site, or area in order to return it to an earlier state. Restoration is most commonly intended to reestablish conditions at a site prior to a specific human intervention, especially resource extraction, by changing a degraded system's structure, function, diversity, and/or processes so that the system appears less disturbed and is self‐sustaining. Elements of an ecosystem usually managed during restoration include surface and groundwater, soil, rocks, and vegetation, although further biodiversity may also be included. Projects vary widely from removing an invasive species to reconstruction of an entire landscape.

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