Volume 3 -Issue 2 attributed to an increase in keratinocyte turnover as well as a decrease in melanin transfer [3]. In addition, it favors the penetration of other active substances.Retinoids act directly by binding to receptors: Retinoic Acid Receptors (RAR) and X Receptors for Retinoids X (RXR). RAR and RXR belong to the super family of nuclear hormone receptors (which also includes steroid receptors, Vitamin D, thyroid hormone, and others). They have alpha, beta and gamma subtypes with different isoforms for each subtype. Synthetic retinoids bind selectively to the retinoid receptor. The binding to these nuclear receptors induces a modification of DNA signaling and expression of cell differentiation and proliferation genes. These changes determine the ability to normalize the activity of melanocytes and thus regulate the depigmentation associated with photoaging, tone evening and reducing dark spots and lentigines [4].As previously described, Retinoic acid improves skin aging. However, less it is known about the anti-aging effects of retinol

Photoaging is the result of the combination of chronologic aging and the exposition to several extrinsic agents that trigger oxidative stress. It is characterized by dermal and epidermal alterations, such as wrinkles, dryness, sagging, roughness and pigmentary changes. Some of these signs are the result of an impairment of the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) components, which represent the structural and functional dermal support in healthy skin, but are diminished or dysfunctional in aged skin.