Renal vascular anatomy is known for presenting a wide range of variations. Kidneys with variant renal vascular anatomy, when used as a graft, appear to have a potential risk that could impair the outcome of kidney transplantation. Information on renal vascular variation and its implication in the surgical outcome of renal transplantation has not been well studied. The present study was aimed at evaluating the outcome of transplantation of renal allografts with variant renal vasculature as compared to allografts without renal vascular variation in the national kidney transplantation center of Ethiopia. Patients and Methods: A health institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted. A retrospective review of the medical records of kidney recipients was performed. A total of 120 renal transplant recipients' medical records were evaluated. A chi-square test and independent t-test were used to compare the surgical outcomes of renal transplantation. Graft survival was expressed using Kaplan-Meier curves and was compared using the log rank test. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Evaluation of the renal transplant outcomes has shown that the operation time and the length of hospital stay were significantly longer among recipients of allografts with variant vasculature than those with single renal vasculature. However, no significant difference was seen in the postoperative complication rate, rate of delayed graft function (DGF), creatinine clearance levels at 1, 6, or 12 months postoperatively, and 1-year graft survival among recipients of allografts with and without renal vascular variations. Conclusion:No significant difference was noted in the overall outcome of transplantation of renal allografts with and without vascular variations. Hence, renal allografts with vascular variations are safe to be recruited for transplantation, as shown in this study.

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Background: Measuring portal vein diameter (PVD) is a feasible method of detecting portal vein hypertension, which is a primary and fatal complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) and is usually diagnosed very late. However, there is a paucity of morphometric information on portal vein diameter in the Ethiopian population. Hence, it is important to determine the portal vein diameter among adults with and without chronic liver disease. Purpose: The study aimed to identify how PVD is affected by age, sex, and anthropometric measurements in patients with and without CLD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 participants (110 CLD patients and 110 controls) who have visited the radiology unit at selected Hospitals. Patients with CLD were selected consecutively as they present while controls were selected by a systematic sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Correlation and independent t-test were used to assess the relations. A statistically significant association was declared at P-value <0.05. Results: Mean portal vein diameter for CLD patients was 17.03±1.97 mm with a range of 12.8−20.8mm and 10.79±1.27mm with a range of 7.70-13.25mm for the control group. Age, weight, and body mass index had a positive correlation with portal vein diameter in both groups. The mean portal vein diameter increased by 21.34% during deep inspiration in the control group. Conclusion:The mean portal vein diameter among patients with CLD was higher than that of the control group. A significant gender-based difference was recorded in the portal vein diameter of the control group only. Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, readily available diagnostic tool for portal vein pathology. Recommendation: It is recommended for clinicians to take into consideration age, sex and anthropometric measurements while measuring PVD.

Background: Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for people who suffer from end stage renal disease. Renal vascular anatomy is known for presenting a wide range of variations. Kidneys with variant renal vascular anatomy when used as a graft appear to be a potential risk factor that could impair the outcome of kidney transplantation. Information on renal vascular variations and its implication in the surgical outcome of renal transplantation has not been well studied. Hence, the present study was aimed to evaluate the outcomes of transplantation of renal allografts with variant renal vasculature as compared to allografts without renal vascular variation in the national kidney transplantation center of Ethiopia.Methods: A health institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. A retrospective review of the medical records of kidney recipients was performed. A total of 120 renal transplant recipient’s medical records were evaluated. Chi-square test and Independent t test was used to compare the surgical outcomes of renal transplantation. Graft survival was expressed using Kaplan-Meier curves, and was compared using the log-rank test. P values less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: Evaluation of the renal transplant outcomes did not have shown a significant difference in the postoperative complication rate, rate of delayed graft function (DGF), creatinine clearance levels at 1 , 6, or 12 months postoperatively, and 1-year graft survival among recipients of allografts with and without renal vascular variations. However, operation time and the length of hospital stay were significantly longer among recipients of allografts with variant vasculature.Conclusion: No significant difference was noted in the outcomes of transplantation of renal allografts with and without vascular variations. Hence, renal allografts with vascular variations are safe to be recruited for transplantation as to this study.