Numerous scholars have applied conceptual graphs for explanatory purposes. This study devised the 'Remedial-Instruction Decisive path (RID path)' algorithm for diagnosing individual student learning situation. This study focuses on conceptual graphs. According to the concepts learned by students and the weight values of relations among these concepts, this study established the remedial-instruction paths to identify their real missing concepts. This study applies diagnostic and remedial learning strategies to two courses -'Introduction and Implementation of RS-232' and 'Electronic Circuits Laboratory'. By analysing the scores of the midterm and final exams, evaluations of remedial learning yield positive experimental results. Participants who adopt the diagnostic and remedial learning strategy have better academic performance.

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Most students are not actively concerned about curriculum activity times. However, without reminders, students will miss out on learning opportunities from the course activities. Therefore, due to the use of smartphones — which are central to people's everyday lives —, this study combined apps and the curriculum to develop a course activity notification system — Mobile Secretary of Operating Systems (MSOS) —­, as a curriculum reminder tool. This tool reminds the student of the curriculum activity times anytime and anywhere, like a secretary. This study also investigates students’ preferences between three distinct reminder tools — the reminder app, e-mail notifications and online learning platform announcements — in terms of their effectiveness in accessing curriculum-related matters, and in previewing and reviewing courses. Additionally, the study examines the efficacy of the MSOS app by comparing the questionnaire results of the students who used the app and those who did not use it. From the results of the questionnaire, it is also ascertained whether those students who used MSOS consider the app to be more convenient and immediate than e-mail notifications and the online learning platform, both in giving access to curriculum-related matters and in previewing and reviewing courses.