Discrete element method (DEM) was applied to charging process in iron ore sintering and vertical size segregation in the feed bed was anlyized, where a particular charactor of sintering feed, plastisity and stikiness, was expressed by adjusting the rolling friction coefficient to fit a result from a preliminary test on sintering feed flowing out of a box. DEM simulations and comparison with plant data gave the following findings:1) When the rolling coefficient was 4.0, the calculation resembled the experiment in terms of the angle and the spread of feed after resting.2) The simulation for a charging apparatus recreated vertical size segregation in feed bed in good agreement with plant data.3) The simulation showed that the size segregation increased with decreasing chute angle, the change of which was explained with the fact that the horizontal velosity of particle at the bottom end of the chute also increased unless the feed made a build-up on the chute.

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Ultrasonic wave packets propagate in the longitudinal direction by inputting low frequency ultrasonic into such bar-like structures as rails. This ultrasonic mode, called guided wave has become popular as a promising technique for rapid long-range nondestructive inspection for pipes and rails. In guided wave inspection, guided wave velocities (dispersion curves) and wave structures are firstly needed. Dispersion curves and wave structures can be analytically derived for such simple structures as plates and pipes, but not for bar-like structures with complex cross-section such as rails.Authors have developed calculation technique to obtain the dispersion curves and wave structures for such structures using a special finite element method called a semi-analytical finite element method in which dispersion curves and wave structures can be obtained as eigenvalues and eignvectors of an eigensystem. This study developed more accurate calculation technique for dispersion curves and wave structures using mirror relation of guided wave modes and an iteration method for solution of the eigen problem.And experimental studies for JIS 6 kg rail verify that dispersion curves and wave structures were obtained with sufficient accuracy for typical out-of-plain vibration modes. Wave structures were obtained by measuring waveforms at many points on the curved surface of a rail with a laser interferometer controlled by robot arms.

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Guided waves, i.e., ultrasonic wave packets propagating in the longitudinal direction, are a promising technique for rapid long-range nondestructive inspection of bar-like structures such as pipes and rails. Guided wave inspection requires determining guided wave velocities (dispersion curves) and wave structures. A computational technique is available to obtain the dispersion curves and wave structures for structures with complex cross-sections. This study develops a more accurate technique using the mirror relation of guided wave modes and an iteration method for solving the eigenproblem. Experimental studies of a JIS 6-kg rail verify that dispersion curves and wave structures can be obtained with sufficient accuracy for typical out-of-plain vibration modes. Wave structures were obtained by measuring waveforms at several points on the curved surface of the rail with a laser interferometer controlled by robot arms.