Background: Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) from fungi produce a wide variety of polyketides. Results: CsyB catalyzes the formation of 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-6-alkyl-␣-pyrone (AcAP) from a fatty acyl-CoA, a malonyl-CoA, and an acetoacetyl-CoA. Conclusion: CsyB is a novel type III PKS that possesses two -ketoacyl-CoA coupling activities. Significance: Characterization of CsyB expands the use of type III PKSs for polyketide production.
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