Introduction: Currently, Vietnam is entering the aging population stage and is one of the fastest aging countries worldwide. Old age increases the risk of chronic diseases, particularly mental health disorders. Objective: investigated the prevalence of depression and examined the associated factors with depression among older people. Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented in 760 older people in some communities of Thua Thien Hue province from January to August 2020. Data were collected by directinterviewing based on a structured questionnaire, including demographic, socio-economic, geriatric Depression scale with 30 questions (GDS-30), health status and physical activities. The GDS-30 was used to evaluate the prevalence of depression. The multiple logistic regression model was applied to exam the associated factors with depression. Results: Our findings indicated that the prevalence of depression among elderly people was 28.6%, comprising mild (23.6%) and seveve (5%). The higher Odds of depression was observed in the low economic status (poor/near-poor) (OR= 2.51; 95% CI: 1.15 – 5.48), live alone (OR= 2.43; 95% CI: 1.02-5.78), co-morbidities chronic disease(OR =1,59; 95% CI: 1.01 – 2.52), self-evaluation not good in overall health status (OR =2.34; 95% CI: 1,50 – 3,66), dissatisfaction in health (OR = 2.55; 95% CI:1.59 – 4.08), lack of physical activities (OR =2.79; 95% CI: 1.83 - 4.27), and low quality of life (OR = 2.79; 95% CI: 1.84-4.24). Conclusions: This research suggests that older people are commonly exposing to depression in the communities. Therefore, the priority strategies for reducing depression should be implemented, particularly in the high-risk groups.

Background: The objective multiple-choice test is an assessment method that has been applied widely in universities. The meticulous judgment of complication and differentiation level of objective test questionnaire can beneficially lead to the growth of high quality multiple-choice questionnaire bank and effective examination. Objectives: To evaluate the difficulty level and differentiate level of the objective multiple-choice tests. Materials and method: The multiple-choice theory test (01 Elemental medical exam with 242 students, 01 Clinical medicine exam with 163 students). The difficulty degree of questions was determined by calculating the percentage of students who gave the answers correctly for the given questions in total. The differentiation level was differentiated by the percentage of students who answered correctly in corresponding groups: excellent, good, average, below average, poor. Results: The elemental medical examination comprises 7 hard questions, 58 medium questions, and 35 simple questions; 10 questions have poor degree of difference, 83 questions have good and very good degree of difference. The clinical medicine examination comprises 9 hard questions, 57 medium questions and, 34 simple questions; 23 questions have poor degree of differentiation, 51 questions have good and very good degree of difference. Conclusions: It is crucial to evaluate the difficulty and differentiation standards of the objective multiple-choice examination which enhance the quality of assessment. Thereby, the faculties need to regularly judge these factors while creating the questionnaire and completely evaluating the tests, and the inappropriate questions will be eliminated. Keywords: difficulty level, differentiation level, Objective multiple-choice test.

Introduction: The change in perception of of appearance in the adolescent, which led to shift in the nutritional status of the body. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of nutritional status at this age needs attention and poses as a public health problem. Objectives: The aims of present study was to describle the prevalance of nutrituon status and obtain associated factors among secondary school student in Hue city. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 613 students aged 11-14 years (6 th-9th grade) at two secondary high schools in Hue city. Students were enrolled in anthropometric measures and interviewed with the questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition accounted for 11.9%, of which severity was 3.9% and mild condition was 8.0%. The prevalence of overweight, obesity was 15.8% (overweight 12.9% and obesity 2.9%, respectively). Regarding factors associated with protein-energy malnutrition was found including educational of mother, dietary habits. Factors associated with overweightobesity including: mother education, snacking habits, eating too much rice. Female tend to be lower risk than male 80%. Conclusion: The prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition accounted for a high proportion of this study, and dietary habits were closely related to an increase in the prevalence of overweight-obesity. Key words: Protein-energy malnutrition, overweight-obesity, nutrition, secondary school, student