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ÖzetÇocuk suçluluğu, tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye'de de ciddi boyutlarda kendini göstermektedir. Toplumumuzu derinden etkileyen böylesi bir sosyal sorunun sadece hukuk ve ceza adalet sistemi içerisinde ortaya koyulan uygulamalarla çözümlenmesi mümkün olmamaktadır.Bu çalışma, ilk olarak resmi istatistikler ışığında ülkemizde yaşanan çocuk suçluluğunun boyutunu ortaya koymaktadır. İkinci olarak, bu çalışma ülkemizde ve dünyada gerçekleştirilen kriminolojik araştırma bulgularına dayanarak, çocuk suçluluğunun daha etkin önlenebilmesi adına, politika üretenlerin ceza adalet sistemi dışında uygulanabilen diğer suç önleme stratejilerine de yönelmesi gerektiğine vurgu yapıp bunun nedenlerini irdelemektedir. Bu çalışma, son olarak, 1990'larda kamu sağlığı sektöründen kriminoloji alanına getirilen ve o zamandan beri de birçok gelişmiş ülkede yaygın olarak uygulanan "gelişimsel (risk-odaklı) suç önleme" programlarını ele alarak, bu tür programların ceza adalet sistemi içerisinde uygulanan politika ve müdahalelerden farklılıklarını incelemektedir.Ülkemizde oldukça ihmal edilen gelişimsel (risk-odaklı) suç önleme stratejisi, ciddi suçluluk henüz oluşmadan önce çocuklar, aileleri, okulları, yaşadıkları muhit üzerinden gerçekleştirilebilecek çok çeşitli müdahale programları ile çocukların gelişimini birçok boyutuyla destekleyerek, çocuklarda yaşam boyu antisosyal davranışın ve beraberinde getirdiği olumsuzlukların artarak birikmesine engel olmayı amaçlamaktadır. Suçun birey ve toplum üzerindeki maliyetinin boyutu göze alındığında, erken müdahale-etkili olması durumunda-toplumsal düzeyde inanılmaz kazanç vaat etmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk Suçluluğu, anti-sosyal davranış, erken müdahale, suç önleme stratejileri, gelişimsel (risk-odaklı) suç önleme Juvenile Crime and Developmental (Risk-focused) Crime Prevention AbstractAs in most countries, juvenile crime is at a striking level in Turkey. Such a deeply-rooted societal problem cannot be solved solely by means of criminal justice policy and interventions. Based on official crime statistics, this paper first presents data on the extent and nature of juvenile crime in Turkey. Second, based on recent criminological research findings in Turkey and the developed world, this paper discussed why policy makers should also focus on crime prevention strategies outside the criminal justice system in order to reduce juvenile crime more effectively. Finally, this paper focuses on "developmental (risk-focused) crime prevention"-a crime prevention paradigm which has been brought into the field of criminology from public health sector in the 1990s and since then has been increasingly adopted in several Western countries-and discuss the advantages of these programmes over other crime prevention strategies, especially criminal justice policy and interventions. Developmental (risk-focused) crime prevention strategies, a highly neglected area in Turkey, can interfere early in the life-course before the onset of serious delinquent behaviour through programmes designed to support children by t...

This study was designed to show the effect of propylthiouracil treatment on sCD40L, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and fetuin-A levels on subjects with subclinical hyperthyroidism. After checking sCD40L, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and fetuin-A levels of 35 patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism, each was given 50 mg tablets of propylthiouracil three times daily. After 3 months, sCD40L, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and fetuin-A levels were then compared to the levels before treatment. Although high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and sCD40L levels were normal in the subclinical hyperthyroidism patients compared to the healthy controls, fetuin-A levels were statistically significantly higher (*p = 0.022). After treatment, fetuin-A levels of subclinical hyperthyroidism patients decreased statistically significantly compared to the levels before treatment (**p = 0.026). sCD40L and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels did not have a statistically significant difference compared to the control group and post-propylthiouracil treatment. In subclinical hyperthyroidism patients, high fetuin-A levels before propylthiouracil treatment and decreases in these levels after treatment in cases with subclinical hyperthyroidism indicated the possibility of preventing long-term cardiac complications with propylthiouracil treatment.

Objectives: Drawing upon existing meta-analytic reviews, this paper aims to systematically review the state of research on the effects of prison-based drug treatment programs on drug use and recidivism after imprisonment. Method: A systematic search was carried out through the Cochrane Library, the Campbell Collaboration Library of Systematic Reviews and Google scholar. Results: Based on the eligibility criteria set forth, three meta-analytic studies on the effects of prison-based drug treatment programs on drug use and recidivism were retrieved. All three meta-analyses consistently point to the positive effects of therapeutic communities both on drug use and recidivism. Findings regarding the positive effects of other incarcerationbased drug treatment programs (e.g., counselling, narcotic maintenance programs, etc.) are less clear.Limitations as well as implications of the findings for research, policy and practice in Turkey are discussed.

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