This report aimed to examine the effects of atosiban on pregnancy outcome after IVF-embryo transfer. A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study was performed. A total of 180 women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection who had top-quality embryos were randomly allocated into treatment and control groups. All the patients had infertility due to tubal factor, hormonal-anovulatory disorders, male factor or unexplained reasons. The treatment group received intravenous administration of atosiban before embryo transfer with a total administered dose of 37.5 mg. In the control group, the same number of cycles was performed with placebo medication. The clinical pregnancy rate (PR) per cycle and implantation rate (IR) per transfer were 46.7% and 20.4% in the atosiban-treated group, which were significantly higher than in the control group (28.9% and 12.6%, respectively, P=0.01). The miscarriage rates of groups 1 and 2 were 16.7% and 24.4%, respectively (P=0.01). These results have indicated that atosiban increases the IR and PR after IVF-embryo transfer. These results suggest that atosiban treatment before embryo transfer is effective in priming of the uterus for implantation. This is the first study to investigate the possible contributions of atosiban for improving the PR after IVF-embryo transfer.

Cementless fixation depends on bone ingrowth for long-term success. Simvastatin as a lipid lowering agent has been demonstrated to have osteoanabolic effects. This study was designed to measure the possible effect of simvastatin on implant osseointegration. Bilateral femoral implantation of titanium cylinders was performed in 20 rabbits. Blood lipid levels were measured pre-and postoperatively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure the percentage of the surface of each implant in contact with bone and mechanical pull-out testing was performed. The blood lipid levels were significantly reduced in the simvastatin group. Histomorphometric examination revealed increased bone ingrowth and mechanical examination showed increased interface strength in the simvastatin group. Mechanical and histological data showed superior stability and osseous adaptation at the bone/ implant interface for the simvastatin group. We conclude that simvastatin has potential as a means of enhancing bone ingrowth, which is a key factor in the longevity of cementless implants.Résumé La fixation d'une prothèse sans ciment dépend de la réhabitation osseuse. La Simvastatine est un agent lipidique qui a un effet ostéo anabolique. Cette étude a pour but de montrer les effets de la Simvastatine sur l'ostéo intégration osseuse. Matériel et méthode : une implantation de cylindres de titane a été réalisée sur les deux fémurs de vingt lapins. Le taux de lipide a été mesuré en pré et post opératoire. L'examen en microscopique électronique a mesuré le pourcentage de la surface de réhabitation et des essais d'arrachage ont également été réalisés. Résultats : le niveau des lipides sanguins est réduit de façon significative dans le groupe de Simvastatine. L'histomorphométrie osseuse montre la croissance, l'orientation de la réhabitation et les tests mécaniques, l'augmentation de l'interface avec augmentation des forces nécessaires pour l'arrachage. En conclusion, les données mécaniques et histologiques montrent une stabilité supérieure dans le groupe Simvastatine. Nous pouvons conclure que la Simvastatine a un potentiel d'augmentation de la réhabitation osseuse facteur clé du succès à long terme des implants sans ciment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of serum gonadotropin and total testosterone levels on semen parameters. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and eighty-two patients that applied to a male infertility polyclinic were included in our study. Serum gonadotropin and total testosterone levels and semen parameters of the patients were analyzed during the first visit to the clinic. The reference FSH value was 1.5-12.4 mIU/mL, that of LH was 1.7-8.6 mIU/mL and the reference value for total testosterone was 249-836 ng/dL. Results: While there was no statistically significant difference between the patients with low gonadotropin levels and the controls regarding any of the semen parameters (p > 0.05), there was a strong statistically significant difference between the patients with high gonadotropin levels and the controls regarding sperm concentration (p = 0.000), total motility (p = 0.000), progressive motility (p = 0.000), and morphology (p = 0.000). There was a strong statistically significant difference between the patients with low testosterone levels and the controls regarding total motility (p = 0.012) and progressive motility (p = 0.010), and a weak statistically significant difference in morphology (p = 0.042). There was no statistically significant difference in semen volume or sperm concentration (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in any of the semen parameters between the patients with high testosterone levels and the controls (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings especially regarding LH and T levels are not in agreement with previous reports. In this regard, there is a need for larger-scale and randomized trials to resolve this discrepancy. KEY WORDS:Gonadotropin; Semen; Testosterone. SummaryNo conflict of interest declared.to testicular obstruction (2) or abnormal hormone levels, leading to dysregulated sperm production. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T) are key hormones in fertility health. FSH and LH are types of 'gonadotropins' that are synthetized in the adenohypophysis of vertebrates due to the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Production of gonadotropins is controlled by T, estradiol (E2), and inhibin B (3, 4). LH binds to receptors on Leydig cells, leading to increased release of intratesticular T. FSH binds directly to Sertoli cells, leading to secretion of many factors crucial for sperm development. As Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and peritubular cells in the seminiferous tubules are important in spermatogenesis (5), the decrease in FSH and LH production results in reduced testicular function, and infertility. FSH and inhibin B are considered markers of spermatogenesis and Sertoli cell function (6-10). In previous studies, a negative correlation was found between FSH levels and sperm concentration, while a positive correlation was found between inhibin B levels and sperm concentration (10-12). No relationship between semen parameters and LH and T levels was detected (10). The a...

Objective: To investigate effect of the afterloaded external guidance embryo transfer technique on pregnancy rates in single embryo transfer intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Material and Methods:This retrospective study was performed at the Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research and Education Hospital. Three hundred and thirteen women who underwent ICSI were included in the study. Subjects were categorized according to the embryo transfer technique; Group 1 (n: 232): easy transfer with a soft catheter, Group 2 (n: 45): after external guidance transfer, and Group 3 (n: 36): difficult transfer with a stylet. Basal parameters, clinical and laboratory IVF outcomes and pregnancy rates were studied.Results: Infertility etiology, basal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, antral follicle count, duration of stimulation, total dose of gonadotropin, peak estradiol levels, endometrial thickness, oocyte number, 2 PN, and fertilization rate were similar between the three groups (p>0.05). Despite the decreased pregnancy rate in Group 3, there were no differences in clinical pregnancy rates among the groups (p=0.204). Conclusion:Embryo transfer is one of the critical steps in assisted reproduction procedures. Using the afterloaded external guidance embryo transfer technique did not improve pregnancy rates. (J Turkish-German Gynecol Assoc 2013; 14: 153-6) Key words: Embryo transfer technique, pregnancy rates, IVF Received: 27 June, 2013 Accepted: 19 July, 2013 Amaç: Dış kateter yönlendirmesi ile embriyo transferinin tek embriyo transferi yapılan intrasitoplazmik sperm injeksiyonu (ICSI) siklusların-da gebelik oranlarına etkisinin araştırılmasıdır.

I n d e x e d i n P u b M e d , W e b o f S c i e n c e a n d S c o p u s Pankaj M. Joshi and Sanjay B. Kulkarni. A new technique of double-face buccal graft urethroplasty for female urethral strictures.