Sungai ini sebagian besar digunakan oleh masyarakat Kabupaten Way Kanan sebagai sumber air dalam aktivitas bidang pertanian, perkebunan, perikanan, industri, pertambangan dan kebutuhan domestik masyarakat. Adanya aktivitas tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air sungai baik fisika, kimia, maupun biologi. Hal ini akan memberikan tekanan ekologis dan peningkatan pencemaran di perairan sungai dan mempengaruhi keberadaan biota perairan terutama ikan sebagai konsumen dalam ekosistem sungai yang akan mempengaruhi keberadaan dan kondisinya. Ikan sebagai salah satu bioindikator status lingkungan perairan, untuk mengetahui kualitas perairan Sungai Way Umpu dapat diketahui dengan menghitung nilai Nutrition Value Coefficient (NVC). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, penentuan titik sampling dilakukan berdasarkan tata guna lahan. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah ikan yang ditemukan di lokasi stasiun pengamatan. Ikan yang telah diperoleh langsung diukur berat dan panjangnya lalu nilai NVC ikan dihitung dengan rumus Fulton. Ikan yang digunakan sebagai perhitungan NVC adalah Ikan Tawes Kepek karena jumlah individunya lebih banyak dibanding jenis ikan lainnya. Kualitas Sungai Way Umpu berdasarkan NVC Ikan pada ST-1, ST-2, ST-4 dan ST-5 tercemar ringan sedangkan pada ST-3 sama sekali tidak ditemukan ikan sehingga diduga lokasi ini tercemar berat. Hubungan nilai NVC Ikan dengan parameter fisika kimia berdasarkan korelasi pearson memiliki hubungan yang sangat kuat dan signifikan antara nilai NVC ikan dengan nilai kekeruhan, TSS, pH, BOD, dan COD.
This research aims to evaluate the water quality status and pollution load-carrying capacity of the Way Umpu River based on land use. This was carried out using the survey method by directly measuring the river water debit, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) on-site, taking the water sample to analyze the parameters of water quality such as total dissolved solid (TDS), total suspended solid (TSS), water color, turbidity, salinity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), fecal coli, total coliform, and plankton in the lab, and monitoring the land use. The results showed that the use of land for illegal mining and the settlement of inhabitants in station-4 (ST-4) caused water pollution. Furthermore, based on Class III water use, the parameters in ST-4 exceeded the standards for TSS, color, and BOD, while other stations such as ST-1, ST-2, ST-3, ST-5, and ST-6 showed clean and good water quality statuses. It was also found that the pollution load-carrying capacity of the Way Umpu River has not yet been exceeded for Class III and the quality of the water may be improved when the river water debit increases. In addition, the plankton community structure on ST-1, ST-2, and ST-3 showed the number of species and individuals, and the diversity index was relatively high compared to ST-4, ST-5, and ST-6. It was concluded that the integrated evaluation was based on water quality status, plankton community structure, and pollution load analyses. The land use for illegal mining will decrease the water quality and the plankton community structure compared to other land uses.
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