The increasing competition and the highly demands of globalization in tourism sector are increasing challenges in the market and operation of Small and Medium enterprises in Tanzania. In order to cope with these challenges, it is evidenced that the adoption of social media networking is an enabler of small and medium tourist enterprises in quest of enhancing competitiveness in their globalized market place. Despite of this benefit offered by Social Media (SM) to SMEs, very little is known on the factors influencing adoption of Social Media in Tanzanian Tourist sector. This paper aims at filling the gap by examining factors influencing adoption of Social Media Networking among SMEs in Tanzanian Tourism Sector. Questionnaire was used to collect data from SMEs owners and employees in Dar es salaam city, Iringa region and Rukwa region where geographical stratified sampling was used to ensure representativeness of the sample from the heterogonous population to form homogeneous group followed by simple random sampling technique which was used to draw a sample of 265 respondents for quantitative data and purposive sampling technique was used to pick sample for qualitative data. Factor analysis was used to ensure construct validity of the proposed conceptual model in this study while Cronbach's alpha was used to test the suitability of research instrument used in collecting data for the study. Structure equation modeling method was used to test hypothesis on the factors influencing adoption of social media networking among SME in Tanzania tourism sector. Findings using SEM revealed that organization context and environmental context are significantly influencing adoption of social media networking adoption while technology context was found to be insignificant factor. This study recommended that in order SMEs to continuously be competitive in this global and dynamic market they should continue to adopt the use of social media networking as a tool to capture more customers worldwide.

Although a number of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) in Tanzania economy is high, their share in national income is significantly low due to lack of efficiency. The choice to implement supply chain and supply chain management by SMEs will lower costs and increase efficiency, which will eventually help in lowering costs and increase gains to both SMEs and the country.In this research we have compared the differences in perceptions of small and medium-sized enterprises against large enterprises. The methodology, employed was cross-sectional survey of Tanzanian enterprises engaged in agricultural processing. The findings clearly show that SMEs give less attention to supply chain management strategies, also reluctant to employ transparent integrated system to link them with other actors in the chain. Absence of compatible organization structures in SMEs is seen as a major obstacle for complete implementation of integration strategy.

Supply chain management has generated much interest in recent years for a number of reasons.Many managers now realize that actions taken by one member of the chain can influence the profitability of all others in the chain. Firms are increasingly thinking in terms of competing as part of a supply chain against other supply chains, rather than as a single firm against other individual firms.Many companies have successfully implemented supply chain concepts with spectacular results. Efficient supply chains have enabled these firms to compete better. What were the reasons for their successes? What were the obstacles these firms faced in their journeys to achieve integration in their networks? How were they able to overcome these obstacles?Using review of the literature, this article reveals the dominating factors motivating manufacturing firms to engage in supply chain management activities, the barriers they face upon implementation, the strategies or bridges used to overcome the barriers, and the benefits that are available to successful companies. The major barriers identified by this paper include; silo mentality, lack of supply chain visibility, lack of trust, lack of knowledge and activities causing the bullwhip effect.