The main aim of the present study was to determine the short- and ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRV) during different physical and physiological tests and to compare HRV to different performance levels. The latter aim was to compare participants’ short- and ultra-short-term heart rate variability before-during-post-tests. Our hypothesis was that there would be a significant difference between test performance and HRV parameters, and the high performing group would have significantly higher HRV parameters than the low performing group. Fifty-three healthy men (Mage=26.9±4 years, Mheight=177.9±5.7 cm; Mweight =77.8±8.7 kg) were recruited in the current study. We completed the data collection procedure for each participant in four consecutive days. On day-1, anthropometric measurements were conducted and then participants performed isokinetic tests. On day-2, participants performed anaerobic tests; on day-3 equilibrium tests, and on day-4 aerobic capacity tests. The HRV records of all participants were obtained before, during and after all these tests. Based on the participants’ performance, they were divided into two groups: participants in G1 had lower performance and those in G2 higher performance. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA yielded significant differences in HRV values obtained in the four different tests. There was a significant difference between fitness test performance and the variation of short- and ultra-short-term HRV parameters. Also, significant differences in HRV values before, during, and after the testing were observed.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Dünyada olimpik bir branş olarak kabul edilmeyen, Türkiye'de federasyonu bulunmayan Amerikan futbolu spor branşının Türkiye'de yapılma nedenlerinin incelenmesidir. Türkiye'de Amerikan futbolu oynayan kişilerin psiko-sosyal özellikleri, Hacettepe Kişilik Envanteri ile test edilmiştir. Hacettepe Kişilik Envanteri 1976'da İ. Ethem Özgüven * tarafından deneme formu olarak geliştirilmiştir. 1981'de ilk revizyonu, 1982'de de ikinci revizyonu yapılmıştır. Hacettepe Kişilik Envanteri Kişisel ve Sosyal Uyumu ölçen iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Ayrı ayrı kullanılmaya elverişli olması nedeniyle, araştırmanın amacı açısından yeterli olduğu için Envanterin Sosyal Uyum Bölümü kullanılmıştır. Sosyal Uyum Bölümü Evet-Hayır seçenekli 80 sorudur. Alt testleri; Aile İlişkileri, Sosyal İlişkiler, Sosyal Normlar ve Antisosyal Eğilimleri ölçen sorulardan oluşmaktadır. Envanterin kendisinin değerlendirme yanıt anahtarı vardır. Araştırma Türkiye'deki çeşitli Üniversitelerde kurulan 7 Amerikan futbol takımına, toplam 179 erkek sporcu üzerinde yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizi Minitab paket istatistik programı ile yapılmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Türkiye'de Amerikan futbolu sporunu yapan kişiler sosyal uyumludur (%78,77). Uyumsuzların oranı düşüktür (%21,23). Antisosyal Eğilimler bakımından %33,52 oranında uyumsuzdurlar. Türkiye'deki Amerikan futbolcuları psiko-sosyal açıdan tam dengeli değildir ve sosyal normlara uymada bir kısmı (%44,69) problemler yaşamaktadırlar.

The aim of this study is to examine the changes in HRV values before, during (at AT and RC) and after maximal incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test. The sample comprised 121 healthy men who recreational do exercise 2-3 days a week. (age: 30.5 ± 4.6 years, height: 177.8 ± 6.1 cm; weight: 80.2 ± 10.2 kg). Anthropometric measurements were measured by using body analyzer, and aerobic capacities of participants were measured by using the cardiopulmonary exercise test via the Bruce protocol. According to this, heart rate variability recordings were taken at seven stages during the cardiopulmonary exercise test: before the test (1), at the beginning of the test (2), between the beginning of the test and the anaerobic threshold (3), at the anaerobic threshold (4), between the anaerobic threshold and the respiratory threshold (5), at the respiratory threshold (6), and finally (7), 30 seconds after the cardiopulmonary exercise test. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the HRV values obtained from the test stages. In conclusion, using a gas analyzer during cardiovascular exercise testing, HRV values (MeanRR, SDNN, RMSSD, LFnu) determined at seven stages continue to decrease from the beginning. A rest period of 30 seconds (passive rest) immediately after completing the exercise does not seem to be sufficient for recovery. According to the results of this study, it can be considered that the sympathetic nervous system activity (LFnu) exhibits a more pronounced appearance at threshold zones.

The aim of present study was to investigate the sedentary healthy men’s ultra-short heart rate variability (HRV) during the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) (30-sec) and parasympathetic reactivation in the first 60-sec after WAnT. The final sample comprised 101 individuals (Mean±SD; Age=28.9±4.8 years, Height=176.5±5.5 cm, Weight=89.8±8.8 kg). Anaerobic powers were measured by WAnT. Heart rate variability (HRV) was then recorded as 60-sec before the test for 30-sec and 60-sec after the test. HRV was measured by Polar V800 GPS Sports Watch with Heart Rate Monitor and Polar H7 band. To compare the testing stages HRV parameters, repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. Binary comparisons were determined with the Bonferroni test. The relationship between exercise data of heart rate variability and power average watt was assessed by the Pearson correlation test. The Effect Size Cohen's d was calculated. The main finding of this study is that pre-test (60-sec) HRV values continue to drop dramatically during test (30-sec) and post-test (60-sec) measurements (p<0.05). Also, no correlation was observed between performance and HRV data during testing (r=-0.08, p>0.05). In conclusion, the present study was not observed to sign of HRV recovery during 60-sec after the 30-sec WAnT. HRV recorded in the first 60 seconds after maximum anaerobic exercise program in sedentary healthy men may be considered to exhibit an imbalance in the parasympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system.

This study aimed to examine the acute effect of different durations of static stretching on heart rate variability (HRV) and, the anaerobic capacity of moderately physically active men during the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) at two different preexercise periods. Sixty-five healthy young male volunteers performed 10 s static stretching (STS) and 30 s static stretching (LTS) consisting of five static stretching exercises before WAnT on two non-consecutive days. HRV was measured pre (60 s), during (30 s) and post (60 s) WAnT after two different periods of static stretching. Anaerobic capacity variables were also measured during WAnT. STS and LTS had similar effects on other HRV parameters except for Mean-RR during the WAnT. There was no significant difference between the protocols applied in any of the anaerobic capacity test values. But there was a negatively significant relationship between the average power output of 30 s static stretching and pNN50. This result has shown that STS and LTS exercises have a similar effect during maximal exercise, so if the practitioners carry out static stretching exercises before maximal or high-intensity exercise, it is recommended to perform the STS exercise in terms of the economy of the exercise.