No abstract

No abstract

Methods of the Delaunay and Voronoi tessellation are applied to investigate significant structures and structural differences among liquids, glasses, and crystals of the soft-core (inverse 12th power potential) and hard-core models for which molecular dynamics (MD) techniques are used. With particle configurations obtained by MD simulations the Delaunay tessellation for the three dimensional systems defines uniquely a network of tetrahedra. Density dependent properties of the irregularity distribution which measures the magnitude of distortion of each Delaunay tetrahedron (DT) from regular shape (equal edge lengths) and of the length of edges of DT are examined in detail for both models. Clear differences between the hard-core and soft-core systems are observed. Short range correlation of DT is calculated on the pair distribution function of center-to-center distances of the circumspheres of DT, which turns out to be useful to distinguish the short range order of glasses from that of crystals or liquids. It is also shown that there are no clear differences in the distribution of various types of Voronoi polyhedron (VP) between liquids and glasses. However, among various types of polygons (i-edged faces) of VP, the contribution from i=5 increases rather rapidly with increasing density around the glass transition point.

To establish an evaluation index for vascular endothelial function, we developed an ultrasonic probe that can measure changes in blood pressure and blood vessel diameter at the same position in the radial artery. Based on phantom experiments, the pressure waveforms measured using the piezoelectric effect of the ultrasonic probe element and those using a pressure sensor exhibited a high correlation (correlation coefficient: r = 0.979 – 0.999). We confirmed the continuous measurement of the relationship between changes in blood pressure and the diameter from the in vivo experiments. We could then estimate the changes in viscoelasticity by calibrating the output from the probe element to the absolute blood pressure values in advance. The average coefficients of variations were 0.02 and 0.24 for elasticity and viscosity, respectively. This study demonstrated the possibility of measuring changes in the viscoelastic moduli of the radial arterial wall due to flow-mediated dilation using the developed ultrasonic probe.

No abstract