Background and objective: Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with no known cure. Lipid mediators (LMs) are a kind of inflammatory signaling molecules which are believed to be involved in the development of asthma. Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. is a traditional Uyghur medicine, which is widely used in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory diseases. Extraction of Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. was reported to neutralize asthma symptoms. The purpose of the study was to investigate both the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation properties of the Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. extract (SXCF) and its main active constituent, rosmarinic acid (RosA), in vivo. The effect of RosA, a major constituent of SXCF, was evaluated on an asthmatic model, with both anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation properties. Materials and methods: Anti-inflammatory effect of SXCF and RosA was assessed using OVA-induced asthma model mice by UPLC-MS/MS method. Results: Overall, RosA played a critical role in anti-asthma treatment. In total, 90% of LMs species that were significantly regulated by SXCF were covered. On the most important LMs associated with asthma, RosA equivalent induced similar effects as SXCF did. It is believed that some constituents in SXCF could neutralize RosA excessive impacts on LMs.

Due to the high exposure toxicity and individual variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), it is di cult to accurately characterize the actual exposure of exposed individuals through external exposure detection. In this study, the monohydroxyl metabolites of naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene and 9-uorenone were identi ed in the urine of low-dose PAH-exposed individuals based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS), and their concentrations were monitored for 15 consecutive days after exposure. The results showed that the metabolite concentrations of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene were basically the same, and all of them reached the maximum value at day 8. In contrast, the metabolite of 9-uorenone reached its maximum value on day 2. This study showed that the four metabolites were strongly correlated with their parent PAH exposure, with a wide detection window, and their assays were speci c, sensitive, and reliable, while the sampling di culty was low, so the four hydroxylated PAHs may be potential low-dose biomarkers of PAH internal exposure. This study will provide methodological and data support for further health risk studies involving internal exposure to organic pollutants such as PAHs.

Due to the high exposure toxicity and individual variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), it is difficult to accurately characterize the actual exposure of exposed individuals through external exposure detection. In this study, the monohydroxyl metabolites of naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene and 9-fluorenone were identified in the urine of low-dose PAH-exposed individuals based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS), and their concentrations were monitored for 15 consecutive days after exposure. The results showed that the metabolite concentrations of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene were basically the same, and all of them reached the maximum value at day 8. In contrast, the metabolite of 9-fluorenone reached its maximum value on day 2. This study showed that the four metabolites were strongly correlated with their parent PAH exposure, with a wide detection window, and their assays were specific, sensitive, and reliable, while the sampling difficulty was low, so the four hydroxylated PAHs may be potential low-dose biomarkers of PAH internal exposure. This study will provide methodological and data support for further health risk studies involving internal exposure to organic pollutants such as PAHs.