Abstract:No study has been conducted to determine the relationship between RTC (road traffic crashes) and depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21), tiredness, fatigues and sleeping. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of aggressive driver behaviour, fatigue and sleeping on RTC comparison between commercial taxi and minibus/van/pick-up cars drivers. A cross-sectional study included a representative sample of 2,300 drivers of which 1,786 drivers (77.6%) agreed to participate. The Manchester DBQ (Driver Behaviour Questionnaire) was used to measure the aberrant driving behaviours leading to accidents. The study is based on the measurement using the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21). Participants completed a DASS-21 questionnaire with items related to socio-demographic information, BMI (body mass index), driving experience, fatigue , sleeping, adherence to traffic laws (including speed limits and wearing seat belt), and drivers' driving records. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. In a representative sampling, the age distribution of the participants ranged from 25 to 65 years with the mean age 38.3±10.2 and the mean annual mileage (km) per month was 14,587±1,741 (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference found between both group minibus/van/pick-up and commercial taxi drivers regarding of their age group (p < 0.001), education (p = 0.003), history of accident (p = 0.003), seat belt use (p = 0.022) time of accident (p = 0.005); crossing red light (p < 0.001), excessive speed limits (p = 0.002), BMI group (p = 0.022), physical activity (p = 0.003), annual mileage in km (p < 0.001), number of working days (p = 0.010) and hours (p = 0.030); number of sleeping hours (p = 0.025), CD music listening (p = 0.010), mobile phone use (p = 0.001), soft drinking (p = 0.002) and cigarette smoking habit (p < 0.001). When the history of RTC was assessed, minibus/van/pick-ups were more likely to be involved in accidents compared to commercial taxi drivers and there was a highly statistically significant difference between both groups. Furthermore, minibus/van/pick-up drivers have more sleeping disorders and fatigue severity compared to commercial taxi drivers. This study revealed that minibus/van/pick-up drivers exhibited more depression, anxiety and stress symptoms compared to commercial taxi drivers. DASS-21 variables were found to contribute significantly to the explanation of the RTC involvement rate. Chronic fatigue and acute sleepiness, and overtime or heavy work-load on car drivers significantly increases the risk of a car crash which a car occupant can be injured or killed. Reductions in RTC may be achieved if fewer people drive when they have fatigue or are sleepy or have been deprived of sleep or drive during rush hours.

No abstract

No abstract

Karayolu trafik kazaları dünya genelinde tüm yaş grupları, özellikle genç sürücüler, için önde gelen halk sağlığı problemlerinden biridir. Sürücü davranışları ve sürücü becerileri kazaya etki eden önemli insan faktörlerindendir. Özellikle sürücü davranışları ve sürücü becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi trafik ortamındaki insan faktörlerinin doğası ile ilgili detaylı bilgi sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, genç sürücülerde sürücü davranışları ve sürücü becerileri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında sürücü becerileri özbildirim yöntemi kullanılarak sürücü davranışları hem özbildirim hem de sürüş simülatörü kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Sonuçlar algısal-motor becerilerin, ihlaller ve sürüş simülatöründeki farklı yollardaki hız davranışıyla pozitif ilişkili olduğunu gösterirken; güvenlik becerilerinde bu ilişkinin negatif olduğunu göstermiştir. Yapılan aşamalı regresyon analizlerine göre, güvenlik becerileri ihlalleri ve hız davranışlarını negatif olarak yordamaktadır. Ayrıca, hem algısal-motor hem de güvenlik becerileri olumlu sürücü davranışlarını pozitif olarak yordamıştır. Çalışma kapsamında alanyazında ilk defa sürücü becerileri ve sürücü davranışları arasındaki ilişki hem özbildirim hem de sürüş simülatörü kullanılarak Türkiye'de genç sürücü örnekleminde çalışılmıştır. Sonuçlar genç sürücülerde sürücü davranışları ve sürücü becerileri arasındaki ilişki açısından detaylı bilgi sunmaktadır.

Various researchers have investigated the personality correlates of defensive and assertive self‐presentation. Yet, only a few studies go beyond the direct relationships and examine the underlying mechanism. The current study examines whether the social comparison orientation (SCO) mediates the relationship between personality and self‐presentation. We also tested whether our proposed model is invariant across genders. We collected data from 496 individuals using the HEXACO personality inventory, the self‐presentation tactic scale, and Iowa–Netherlands SCO scale to test these hypotheses. The path analysis indicated that the partial mediation model provides the best fit to the data (root‐mean‐square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.08, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.97, standardized root mean squared residual [SRMR] = 0.026). While honesty‐humility (β = −0.43) had the strongest total effect on assertive self‐presentation, emotionality (β = 0.34) had the strongest total effect on defensive self‐presentation among other HEXACO dimensions. Additionally, we conducted a multigroup path analysis to test the structural invariance, and the findings indicate that the relationships are invariant across women and men (Δχ2[14] = 11.83, p = 0.61). These findings suggest that the association between personality and self‐presentation might not be straightforward. The findings are discussed in relation to facet and factor level associations among the variables, self‐presentation strategies, and gender roles.