Craft ceramic is an old industry. Most craft clay needs to be fired in a kiln, but kilns are expensive and inefficient [Kiln firing thermal efficiency: Kiln body heat storage 18.67%, Exhaust Sensible Heat 45.9%, Heat loss from incomplete combustion 16.24%, Radiated Conduction and Other Loss of Heat 12.61%]. In order to change the color of ceramic, potters commonly use kiln reduction firing. This technique requires an additional step and more fuel, which creates more air pollution. In this study, we used a CO2 laser to fire craft clay and glaze. This process not only changes the ceramic’s color but also changes the conductivity of the ceramic’s surface. By changing the composition of the glaze, the ceramic’s surface resistance was altered. Most kiln-fired ceramics are non-conductive because oxides are combined by covalent bonds. During the laser firing process, the covalent bonds become metal bonds. The scientific value of this paper is expanding the area of clean ceramic techniques.This new firing technique produces ceramic products that are superior in terms of light, heat, magnetism, and electricity. Thus, laser firing adds more function to the final ceramic product than kiln firing does. As opposed to kiln firing, there is no air pollution associated with CO2 laser firing. In comparison to kiln firing, laser-firing reduces both heat waste and air pollution by 99%. This study is based on our patented laser ceramic reduction firing technique. (Taiwan, R.O.C Patent Number: I687394& I750055) We recommend additional studies into laser firing in order to collect more data on laser-based ceramic production. Range: 20W laser

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Microplastics are the biggest pollutants in marine ecosystems. Each year, over 8 million tons of plastic enter the oceans. Via microbes, microplastics may transport toxic chemicals into food webs. It is therefore important to create a way to remove microplastics and reduce the impact of microplastics on the ocean’s food web. This paper discusses the plan of using kiln firing, laser firing, pollution control, and green energy production to reuse marine plastics. We used a wood-fired kiln to design a kiln boat. The “Patch” is a large ocean area with trash. The calorific value of plastics is comparable to that of fuels, around 40 MJ/kg. This makes plastic a good fuel for ceramic firing. Based on our Taiwanese invention patent for a laser ceramic firing technique (Taiwan, R.O.C Patent Number: I687394 and I750055), we integrated a variety of ceramic technologies to address the problem of marine plastic pollution. A kiln boat is a good plan. Creating a moveable kiln not only reduces transportation costs but also reuses the calorific value of plastics. This is important in guiding future marine litter research and ocean cleanup management strategies.

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