The deleterious influence of atmospheric moisture on the fatigue properties of an aluminium wrought alloy AlZnMgCu1.5‐T6, an aluminium cast alloy AlSi9Cu3 and magnesium cast alloys AM60 hp, AZ91 hp and AS21 hp has been studied at a cycling frequency of 20 kHz. Atmospheric moisture accelerates fatigue crack growth and decreases the threshold stress intensities to 55–75% of the respective values in vacuum. In ambient air, fatigue crack growth rates were up to two decades higher than those in vacuum. Accelerated crack growth was found at propagation rates below about 2 × 10−9 m cycle−1 in aluminium alloys and below about 3 × 10−8 m cycle−1 in magnesium alloys. As the threshold regime is approached, fatigue cracks in ambient air either propagate at a minimum mean growth rate on average of approximately one lattice spacing per cycle or they stop propagating, whereas mean growth rates of 10−12 m cycle−1 were found in vacuum. Crack initiation and slow fatigue crack growth mainly determine lifetimes in the high cycle regime, and endurance data obtained at ultrasonic frequency in ambient air of 40–60% relative humidity are similar to lifetimes measured at conventional frequencies.
Ein Aluminiummatrixverbundwerkstoff (AMC), der aus einer mit 25 Vol.-% SiC Partikeln verstärkten AA2124 Matrix bestand, wurde in Extrusionsrichtung zu artgleichen AMC+AMC und artverschiedenen AMC+2024-T3 Verbindungen reibrührgeschweißt. Wenn das partikelverstärkte Aluminium bei artverschiedenen Verbindungen auf der "retreating side" positioniert wurde, war der Materialaustausch weniger intensiv. Aufgrund eines Verhakungseffekts waren Festigkeit und Duktilität trotzdem höher als bei der umgekehrten Anordnung der Fügepartner. Das Verhalten bei monotoner und zyklischer Belastung wurde sowohl für den partikelverstärkten Grundwerkstoff als auch für die Schweißverbindun-gen von einer ausgeprägten Richtungsabhängigkeit bestimmt. Ursache ist die Orientierung von SiC-Partikelzeilen in Extrusionsrichtung. Bei artverschiedenen Verbindungen sind die longitudinalen Zugeigenspannungen auf der partikelverstärkten Seite der Schweißnaht geringer als auf der Seite des unverstärkten Materials, was wahrscheinlich mit der Ausbildung von SiC-Partikelclustern an der Grenzfläche zwischen den beiden Materialien zusammenhängt. Die für artgleiche Verbindungen ermittelten da/dN-DK Kurven wurden mit den gemessenen Eigenspannungen korreliert.Schlüsselworte: Reibrührschweißen, 2024-T3, Partikelverstär-kung, Ermüdung, Rissausbreitung An aluminium matrix composite (AMC) consisting of an AA2124 matrix reinforced by 25 vol.% SiC particles was used to produce similar AMC+AMC and dissimilar AMC+2024-T3 joints by friction stir welding. When the particle reinforced composite was located on the retreating side, material mixing was less intense for dissimilar joints. Nevertheless, a higher strength has been determined for this arrangement due to a hook-like interlocking of both materials. Tensile test and S-N fatigue behaviour is shown to be compromised by alignment of the reinforcement particles perpendicular to loading direction already in the particle reinforced base material. Welding residual stresses were determined through the cut-compliance method in terms of stress intensities acting at the crack tip. The underlying residual stress distribution in the un-cracked structure was calculated by the weight function method. Longitudinal tensile residual stresses were found to be higher in the monolithic material as compared to the particle reinforced composite. This held true both for similar and within dissimilar joints. Growth behaviour of cracks crossing the joint line was described and correlated with residual stresses for similar joints.
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