The object of this research is the metaphorical component of text, which allows understanding more profound meanings of information code and determine attitudes of the addressee. The subject of this research is the conceptual metaphors that manifests as the means of categorization, comprehension of the surrounding world, access to mental processes and mechanisms. Establishing associative links between the phenomena of cognizable world, metaphors represent the understanding of reality by an individual and form new knowledge on the world. The text of the article by M. Kiseleva “Who benefits from the raise of retirement age” served as the material for this research. In description of linguistic material, the author applied semantic-cognitive method of analysis that allow studying the types of mental representations in mentality of native speakers. The scientific novelty consists in determination of the types of metaphors, the language means of which can be considered as metaphorical nominations representing the concepts of “life”, “retirement”, “government”, “person”, etc. It is concluded that the text of mass communication utilizes zoomorphic, phytomorphic, thematic, artefactual and sociomorphic metaphors as the means of linguistic manipulation. Metaphorical nominations, presented by conceptual metaphors, using the mentality of a native speaker, reflect one of the methods of categorization of the surrounding environment. The research results may serve as the materials for linguocognitive studies of the concepts.

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Статья посвящена анализу общественно-политического и социально-политического компонентов как содержательной составляющей языковой метафоры. Рассмотрение семантических и стилистических особенностей метафоры при использовании в языке современных печатных СМИ позволяет утверждать, что смысловые параметры метафорических переносов свидетельствуют о значимости реалии в метафорическом определении как средстве экспрессивности, языковой образности и способе познания мира. Акцентируется внимание на метафорических факторах опрощения русской ментальности. Адрес статьи: www.

The article is devoted to the methodological organization of classes of Russian as a foreign language. The content of the educational literature for foreign students who study Russian at the A2 level, and the requirements of the educational standard for Russian as a foreign language, presented by the Russian state testing system for citizens of foreign countries are considered. An important component of the lessons of Russian as a foreign language is working with a text, which allows you to form the ability to perceive the meaning of the whole text, develop reading and speaking skills, enrich students' knowledge about the country of the language being studied. The text on the city of Yelets is used as a material for the lesson. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that it is proposed to develop a lesson that is aimed at foreign students studying Russian at a basic level. The novelty of the study is that it is based on the regional material. The text, intended for the cultural adaptation of foreign students, describes a familiar place for them - the city of Yelets, in which students live and receive education, so material that takes into account personal interest allows us to intensify the cognitive activity of students. The use of the regional component in the RFL classes motivates the study of the language and contributes to its successful development, as language sources are included that reflect the specifics of the Lipetsk Region and raise interest among foreigners. The materials of the practical lesson are designed to acquaint students with the cultural traditions and lifestyle of the residents of Yelets. A complex of pretext, text and posttext exercises aimed at improving speech skills is proposed. Pre-text tasks are aimed at removing lexical and grammatical difficulties that may arise when working with the text, text tasks - to form a communicative attitude for reading, post-text - to check the understanding of what is read.

The features of the content structure of the concept LIGHT in the work of M. M. Prishvin is discussed in the article. The writer’s works and diaries covering the period from 1905 to 1954 are used as a source of material. A comprehensive analysis of the linguistic material has been carried out and some individual author’s interpretations of the implicit meaning of the concept LIGHT have been identified. The work was carried out within the framework of the AntCont program, in which a corpus of 83 documents representing the writer’s texts was formed. Particular attention is paid to the semantic components of the analyzed concept, which are revealed through the reconstruction of its nominative field, including various lexico-semantic groups. The statistical indicators of nouns associated with the concept of LIGHT made it possible to single out high-frequency, mid-frequency and low-frequency units that make up the core and periphery of the concept. A corpus analysis of lexical units representing the core of the concept LIGHT was carried out in combination with the methods of component, contextual and distributional analysis. With the help of the immediate environment, 7 main features of the nuclear components (‘svet’ [light] and ‘solntse’ [sun]) that make up the concept of LIGHT in the work of M. Prishvin were identified: temporality, location, intensity, color, spirituality, temperature, appraisal.