No abstract

The hydrodynamic equations of positive and negative ions, Boltzmann electron density distribution and Poisson equation with stationary dust particles are used along with the reductive perturbation method to derive a three-dimensional cylindrical Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation. The generalized expansion method, used to obtain a new class of solutions, admits a train of well-separated bell-shaped periodic pulses. At certain condition, these periodic pulses degenerate to solitary wave solutions. The effects of the physical parameters on the solitary pulses are examined. Finally, the present results should elucidate the properties of ion-acoustic solitary pulses in multi-component plasmas, particularly in Earth's ionosphere.

No abstract

No abstract

It is shown that solitary and freak waves can propagate in a dusty plasma composed of positive and negative ions, as well as nonextensive electrons. The evolution of the solitary waves is described by the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. However, when the frequency of the carrier wave is much smaller than the ion plasma frequency then the KdV equation is also used to study the nonlinear evolution of modulationally unstable modified ion-acoustic wavepackets through the derivation of the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. In order to show that the characteristics of the solitary and freak waves are influenced by the plasma parameters, the relevant numerical analysis of the appropriate nonlinear solutions is presented. The relevance of the present investigation to nonlinear waves in astrophysical plasma environments is discussed.