Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes cores de aquários na larvicultura da piabanha-do-pardo (Brycon sp.). Os tratamentos consistiram na utilização de aquários de cores claras (branca, verde e azul) e escuras (marrom e preta). Ao final do experimento, foram mensurados a sobrevivência, o peso, o comprimento total e a coloração das larvas, que foram comparados pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. A sobrevivência foi menor (66,25%), com maior taxa de canibalismo (17,08%), no aquário de cor azul, quando comparado ao aquário de cor marrom (84,17%), com baixa taxa de canibalismo (6,25%). O comprimento total, o peso e a mortalidade não diferiram entre os tratamentos. A coloração das larvas escureceu progressivamente dos aquários mais claros para os mais escuros, o que interferiu no canibalismo e na sobrevivência. O aquário marrom promove maior valor de sobrevivência e menor taxa de canibalismo nas larvas de piabanha-do-pardo.Termos para indexação: Brycon, canibalismo, coloração, mortalidade, pigmentação. Larviculture of piabanha-do-pardo in aquariums of different colorsAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different colors of aquariums on the larviculture of piabanha-do-pardo (Brycon sp.). The treatments consisted of the use of light-(white, green, and blue) and dark-(brown and black) colored aquariums. At the end of the experiment, survival, weight, total length, and color of the larvae were measured and compared by the Tukey test, at 5% probability. Survival was lower (66.25%), with a higher rate of cannibalism (17.08%), in the blue-colored aquarium when compared to the brown-colored one (84.17%), with a low rate of cannibalism (6.25%). Total length, weight, and mortality did not differ among treatments. The color of the larvae gradually darkened from the lighter to the darker aquariums, which interfered with cannibalism and survival. The brown aquarium promotes a greater survival value and a lower rate of cannibalism in larvae of piabanha-do-pardo.
To help understand the dynamics of peatlands forming on the Southern Serra do Espinhaço, Brazil, the occurring natural ( 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K) and anthropogenic ( 137 Cs) activity of gamma-ray emitters located at three sites, namely the localities of São João da Chapada (CH), Pinheiro (PIN) and Pau de Fruta (PDF), was studied. The iron compounds were characterized by 57 Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Differences on natural radionuclide levels and distributions were found among the peatland sites, indicating differences on mineral composition, hydric regimes and living. Significant correlation was found only for 232 Th-226 Ra activity values (Pearson correlation coefficient of − 0.5), which is different from other South American soils, where significant positive correlations among all radionuclides were determined. In PDF and CH, the dose rate results are lower than the worldwide mean value, but in PIN, they are higher because of the relatively high 226 Ra concentration. The only anthropogenic radionuclide is 137 Cs. The convection-diffusion model fits the CH and PDF activity profiles, although the PIN profile is likely affected by other soil mechanisms as well. Mössbauer spectra reveal Fe 3+ in two different local environments and the occurrence of hematite in the upper samples of the CH site. The iron concentration decreases with depth. Contrary to soils of other regions, no significant correlation was found between iron species and the natural radioactivity. The studied peatlands exhibit clear differences between their natural and anthropogenic radionuclide distributions to those of mineral soils.
A vegetação do Cerrado apresenta alta biodiversidade e os conhecimentos tradicionais e científicos sobre as plantas para fins medicinais são importantes na consolidação do uso terapêutico, uma vez que são empregadas no tratamento e na cura de enfermidades há milhares de anos. Com base na relevância da temática, esse estudo objetiva avaliar o potencial medicinal das espécies de plantas do estrato arbóreo-arbustivo em área de cerrado sensu stricto. Para isso, foi realizado um levantamento florístico-fitossociológico na área de conservação do campus Planaltina do Instituto Federal de Brasília (IFB). Em cada parcela amostrada foram identificados e mensurados todos os indivíduos arbóreo-arbustivos com DAB (diâmetro tomado a 30 cm do nível da base) e DAP (diâmetro a altura do peito) igual ou superior a 5 cm e altura total (Ht). Foram identificados 943 indivíduos, de 70 espécies, 34 famílias botânicas em 56 gêneros. Após análise fitossociológica da comunidade amostrada, foram selecionadas as 10 espécies de maior relevância ecológica e assim foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico a fim de analisar o potencial destas espécies para fins medicinais. Foi constatado que 90% das espécies de maior relevância no índice de valor de importância no Parque Distrital Colégio Agrícola de Brasília, são de uso medicinal consagrado pela literatura e pelo saber tradicional.
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