Ketotifen is a compound with strong anti-anaphylactic and anti-histaminic properties both in experimental mental animals and man. In this paper pharmacological experiments are presented which show that these two activities are independent. In the rat, the two actions of ketotifen differ markedly in their time course. The ability of ketotifen to prevent a passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction is of short duration and is already abolished at times when the compound still fully prevents the cutaneous reaction to histamine. Two anti-histamines, clemastine and mepyramine, were compared with ketotifen. All three compounds prevented the wheal and flare induced by intracutaneous administration of histamine, but only ketotifen also prevented passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Accordingly, concomitant administration of the anti-histamine clemastine with ketotifen resulted in enhanced histamine-blocking effects but did not influence the anti-anaphylactic action of ketotifen. Finally, clemastine and mepyramine differed from ketotifen in their activities in a model of anaphylactically-induced bronchospasm. Ketotifen prevented the bronchospasm, dyspnea and respiratory arrest in dose-dependent fashion, while the two reference anti-histamines were virtually inactive.

Humanized anti-L-selectin antibody has beneficial effects on survival in a long-term in vivo model of hemorrhagic. traumatic shock.

No abstract

With the exception of Candida species, fungal organisms are rarely encountered in the Papanicolaou test and, when encountered, usually represent contaminants rather then infections. We present the case of a healthy 29-year-old pregnant female, gravida 1, para 0, who presented for her first prenatal visit at 12-week gestation and had many large fungal-like elements with a distinct budding pattern of multiple narrow-based buds resembling a "ship's-wheel" identified in her routine liquid-based Papanicolaou test. Based on its characteristic appearance in the Papanicolaou test and the hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff and Gomori's methenamine silver stains performed on the cell block made from the residual sample, the fungus was diagnosed as "consistent with Paracoccidioides." This is the second reported case of Paracoccidioides presenting in a Papanicolaou test and shows that this organism may rarely involve the uterine cervix in the absence of clinical systemic disease.