Application of time-frequency decomposition and seismic attributes for stratigraphic interpretation of thin reservoirs in Onshore Fuba Field Niger Delta, Nigeria, are here presented, using Well-log and 3D Seismic data. Well-to-seismic tie, fault mapping, horizon mapping, time surface generation, depth conversion and seismic attributes generation were carried out using Petrel software. Structural interpretation of seismic data reveals a highly faulted field. Two distinct horizons were mapped. Fault and horizon interpretation shows closures that are collapsed crestal structures bounded by two major faults. All the interpreted faults are normal synthetic and antithetic faults which are common in the Niger Delta basin. The depth structure maps reveal anticlinal faults. Reservoirs are found at a shallower depth from 6500 to 7500 ft and at a deeper depth ranging from 11500 to 13000 ft. The variance and chaos values range from 0.0 to 1.0. The Variance edge and chaos analysis were used to delineate the prominent and subtle faults in the area while the produced spectra were used to delineate the stratigraphy and thickness of the thin-bedded reservoirs. The results of spectral decomposition at frequencies between 12Hz and 35Hz indicate some thin pay sand zones reservoirs which were characterized by of low frequency and high amplitude associated with known hydrocarbon zones, meandering channels, lobes and the presence of small scale faults in the field. Six new probable zones (Prospects A, B, C, D, E and F) of hydrocarbon accumulation were identified. The results of the study will help in the recovery of more hydrocarbon as by-passed zones and subtle structures are revealed in the area of study.

Spectral attributes in Onshore Fuba Field Niger Delta, Nigeria, are here presented, using 3D seismic time-lapse data. The FUBA Field lies on latitudes 40 50’58’’- 4 0 55’19’’N and longitudes 60 18’41’’- 6 0 26’41’’E with aerial extent of 840km2 . The base (1997) and the monitor (2009) seismic surveys resulted in a 4D response difference. The Base and Monitor data have a root-mean-square repeatability ratio (RRR) of 0.38 implying a very good repeatability when considering the acquisition, processing and environmental noises. Data processing and interpretation were carried out using Petrel software. Reservoir pressure decline rate of 0.062psi/day resulted in production decline rate of 1192.21bbl/day. Structural interpretation of seismic data reveals a highly faulted field. Two distinct horizons were mapped. Fault and horizon interpretation shows closures that are collapsed crestal structures bounded by two major faults. All the interpreted faults are normal synthetic and antithetic faults which are common in the Niger Delta basin. The depth structure maps reveal anticlinal faults. Reservoirs are found at a shallower depth from 6500 to 7500 ft and at a deeper depth ranging from 11500 to 13000 ft. The variance values range from 0.0 to 1.0. The Variance edge analysis was used to delineate the prominent and subtle faults in the area. The results of spectral decomposition at the different frequencies indicates areas of low frequency and high amplitude associated with known hydrocarbon zones, meandering channels, lobes and the presence of small scale faults in the field. The results of the work will help in the recovery of more hydrocarbon as by-passed zones and subtle structures are revealed in the area of study.

The subsurface structures in Onshore Fuba Field Niger Delta, Nigeria, are here presented, using 3D seismic time-lapse data. The FUBA Field lies on latitudes 40 50’58’’-4 0 55’19’’N and longitudes 60 18’41’’60 26’41’’E with aerial extent of 840km2 . The base (1997) and the monitor (2009) seismic surveys resulted in a 4D response difference. The Base and Monitor data have a root-mean-square repeatability ratio (RRR) of 0.38 implying a very good repeatability when considering the acquisition, processing and environmental noises. Data processing and interpretation were carried out using Petrel software. Reservoir pressure decline rate of 0.062psi/day resulted in production decline rate of 1192.21bbl/day. Structural interpretation of seismic data reveals a highly faulted field. Two distinct horizons were mapped. Fault and horizon interpretation shows closures that are collapsed crestal structures bounded by two major faults. All the interpreted faults are normal synthetic and antithetic faults which are common in the Niger Delta basin. The depth structure maps reveal anticlinal faults. Reservoirs are found at a shallower depth from 6500 to 7500 ft and at a deeper depth ranging from 11500 to 13000 ft. The depth residual maps reveal higher residuals associated with the eastern and western regions which are areas not penetrated by any well. The lengths, dips and orientations of the faults and horizons, in the base and monitor stacks are not equal indicative of faults reactivation that could have resulted from hydrocarbon production. The results of this work can be used in reservoir, field and environmental management in the area of study.

Application of 3-D seismic attributes analysis for hydrocarbon prospectivity in the onshore Fuba Field, Niger Delta, Nigeria using Well-logs and 3D Seismic data are here presented. Well-to-seismic ties, faults and horizon mapping, time-surface generation, depth conversion and seismic attributes generation were carried out using Petrel software. The structural interpretation of seismic data reveal highly synthetic and antithetic faults which are in line with faults trends identified in the Niger Delta. Of the 36 interpreted faults, only synthetic and antithetic faults are regional, running from the top to bottom across the field. These faults play significant roles in trap formation at the upper, middle and lower sections of the field. Three distinct horizons were mapped. Reservoir M is found at a shallower depth from 10937 to 10997 ft, reservoir N is found at a depth ranging from 11213 to 11241 ft while reservoir O is found at a deeper depth ranging from 11681 to 11871 ft respectively. Analysis of the relevant seismic attributes such as variance edge, root mean square, maximum amplitude, average magnitude and maximum magnitude were applied to the seismic data. The variance values ranges from 0.0 to 1.0. The Variance edge analysis was used to delineate the prominent and subtle faults in the area. The RMS amplitude values ranges from 9,000 to 13,000 in the reservoirs. The root mean square amplitude, maximum amplitude, average magnitude and maximum magnitude analysis reveal bright spot anomaly. These amplitude anomalies served as direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs), unravelling the presence and possible hydrocarbon prospective zones. Results from this study have shown that away from the currently producing zone of the field, additional leads and prospects exist, which could be further evaluated for hydrocarbon production

Hydrocarbon Production Induced Faulting in Onshore Fuba Field Niger Delta, Nigeria, are here presented, using 3D seismic time-lapse data. The FUBA Field lies on latitudes 40 50’58’’-4 0 55’19’’N and longitudes 60 18’41’’- 6 0 26’41’’E with aerial extent of 840km2 . The base (1997) and the monitor (2009) seismic surveys resulted in a 4D response difference. The Base and Monitor data have a root-mean-square repeatability ratio (RRR) of 0.38 implying a very good repeatability when considering the acquisition, processing and environmental noises. Data processing and interpretation were carried out using Petrel software. Reservoir pressure decline rate of 0.062psi/day resulted in production decline rate of 1192.21bbl/day. Structural interpretation of seismic data reveals a highly faulted field. Two distinct horizons were mapped. Fault and horizon interpretation shows closures that are collapsed crestal structures bounded by two major faults. All the interpreted faults are normal synthetic and antithetic faults which are common in the Niger Delta basin. The depth structure maps reveal anticlinal faults. Reservoirs are found at a shallower depth from 6500 to 7500 ft and at a deeper depth ranging from 11500 to 13000 ft. The variance edge enhanced the faults or sedimentological bodies within the seismic data volume. There are more discontinuities in the difference volume variance edge which implies that there are more cracks in the field of study due to production. The lengths, dips and orientations of the faults and horizons, in the base and monitor stacks, are not equal indicative of faults reactivation that could have resulted from hydrocarbon production. The results of the work can be applied in the hydrocarbon exploitation scheme to minimize the damages associated with production and to ascertain reactivation of faults in the area of study.